What Are Symptoms of a Silent Migraine? 21 Common Symptoms

Symptoms of silent migraines include:

1. Blurry vision
2. Flashing lights
3. Light sensitivity
4. Zigzag lines
5. Vision loss
6. Hallucination
7. Numbness
8. Tingling sensation
9. Weakness
10. Confusion
11. Dizziness
12. Vertigo
13. Fatigue
14. Chills
15. Irritability
16. Nausea
17. Vomiting
18. Diarrhea
19. Difficulty speaking
20. Slurred speech
21. Abdominal pain

Some silent migraine attacks are difficult to differentiate from a transient ischemic attack (TIA), especially when they are associated with muscle weakness or altered consciousness. 

TIAs, also called ministrokes, have symptoms similar to silent migraines, such as muscular weakness on one side of the body, disorientation, and vision problems. The main difference is that migraine aura symptoms begin gradually and worsen over time, whereas TIA symptoms are observed all at once.

Researchers believe that migraine auras are triggered by abnormalities in electrical activity, called cortical spreading depression. These abnormalities occur in the cerebral cortex, a portion of the brain that regulates perceptions and movements. Causes and risk factors may include:

• Sensory triggers, such as strong smells, bright lights, or loud noises
• Certain foods, especially salty, processed, and fermented foods
• Food additives
• Physical exertion
• Medications, especially oral contraceptives and vasodilators, such as nitroglycerin
• Alcohol and caffeine
• Changes in hormone levels, such as during menstruation or menopause
• Stress
• Eye strain
• Sinusitis
• Too much or too little sleep
• Hunger
• Change in atmospheric pressure
• Change in temperature
• Neck strain
• Family history of migraines

Aura symptoms could be indicative of more serious medical problems, such as meningitis, ministrokes, and strokes.

Silent migraines are diagnosed based on a physical exam and family history. A spinal tap, blood tests, computed tomography scans, and magnetic resonance imaging may be part of the evaluation.

There is no cure for migraine. However, silent migraine episodes may resolve on their own even without treatment. If symptoms persist, the following techniques may be advised:

• Lying down in a darkened room
• Placing a cold compress on the forehead
• Massaging the scalp and temples

Medications for silent migraine may include:

• Over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers
• Tricyclic antidepressants
• Calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonists
• Botulinum toxin (Botox)
• Medications such as beta-blockers
• According to the American Migraine Foundation, some small studies have reported some success with the use of magnesium, aspirin and lamotrigine to treat the symptoms of silent migraine

Alternative therapies for silent migraine may include:

• Acupuncture
• Biofeedback
• Massage therapy
• Behavioral therapy
• Stress-relieving techniques
• Support groups

Preventive tips for silent migraine include:

• Keeping a diary to help you identify migraine triggers
• Avoiding foods and drinks that can trigger a flare-up (monosodium glutamate, cheese, cured meats, chocolate, and artificial sweeteners)
• Relaxation techniques to minimize stress (yoga, breathing exercises, journaling, art therapy, or exercise)
• Getting adequate sleep
• Maintaining a healthy weight

Silent migraines can have a negative influence on the quality of life, particularly if they are severe or occur regularly. Although silent migraines do not cause pain, the accompanying symptoms can be severe. Consult a doctor for guidance and treatment if you are experiencing silent migraine symptoms.