How Can You Live With Arthritis in Your Back? Spinal Arthritis Treatment

Common symptoms of arthritis in the back include:

• Back pain, particularly lower back pain
• Limited range of motion
• Stiffness or reduced flexibility in the spine
• Functional limitations, such as inability to perform everyday activities
• Tenderness of the affected vertebrae
• Grinding feeling when moving the spine
• Tingling, numbness, weakness, or sharp pains in the arms or legs
• Migraines (when the upper or cervical spine is affected)
• Fatigue
• Pain in the pelvis, butt, or thighs

Although back pain is the most common symptom, not all patients experience back pain. Others may feel back pain before arthritis has been diagnosed.

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of spinal arthritis, and the risk typically increases with age. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease in which the cartilage that cushions the ends of the joints wears away. As the cartilage degenerates, it can lead to pain and stiffness.

Spondyloarthritis

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a term for different types of arthritis that share specific symptoms, typically inflammation in the spine. There are two main types of SpA: axial (in which symptoms mainly affect the back although different joints may be involved) and peripheral (in which different joints in the body, such as the hands, feet, or knees, are affected but the back may be affected as well).

Reactive arthritis

Reactive arthritis is a kind of peripheral spondyloarthritis that occurs in response to an infection in your body, often caused by gastrointestinal conditions.

Psoriatic arthritis 

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is another sort of spondyloarthritis that can cause back pain, although it usually affects the peripheral joints, such as those in the knees, fingers, and toes.

Diagnosing back arthritis starts with taking your medical history and conducting a physical examination of the back and legs to evaluate flexibility and ensure the nerves are working properly. Your doctor may ask you about:

• Where the pain is
• How long the pain has lasted
• What the pain feels like or how severe it is
• What activities or exercises worsen or lessen the pain
• How the pain is affecting your daily activities

Imaging tests can help confirm a diagnosis. X-rays are typically the primary imaging test requested. Other tests include magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scans, bone scans, etc.

Treatment for spinal arthritis varies depending on factors such as age, type, and severity, as well as other medical conditions. Treatment may include:

• Analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Analgesics (such as acetaminophen) can help relieve mild to moderate pain and are the first-line medication for osteoarthritis.
• Corticosteroids: Steroids are anti-inflammatory medications that may be prescribed when there is an inflammatory cause for back pain. Your doctor may at first recommend steroids if you have a systemic inflammatory type of arthritis.
• Radiofrequency ablation: Radiofrequency ablation is a short-term strategy wherein the nerves to the facet joint are burned with a needle. The treatment can provide longer-term relief from pain.
• Surgery: Surgery is the last resort with regards to back arthritis. Spinal fusion and lumbar disc replacements are some of the surgical options that may be performed.
• Lifestyle modifications: Lifestyle modifications that can help ease back arthritis are light exercise, weight management, physiotherapy, and posture adjustment.