Docusate is a commonly used non-prescription (OTC or over-the-counter) stool softener used to treat or prevent constipation. Docusate is an anionic surfactant that helps lower the surface tension at the oil-water interface of the stool, and thus allows water and lipids or fats to enter the stool. Consequently, fecal matter is softened which helps natural defecation or bowel movement. Relief of constipation may occur with 1 to 3 days of therapy. Docusate is available in various salt forms including docusate sodium, docusate potassium, and docusate calcium. The salt forms of docusate are considered to be interchangeable. Docusate was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1957.

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GENERIC AVAILABLE: Yes

No

Docusate salts rarely cause side effects since they are not absorbed into the body. Occasional side effects may include

• stomach cramping,
• diarrhea,
• intestinal obstruction, and
• rash.

Throat irritation has occurred in some patients after taking liquid formulations of docusate orally.

Excessive use of docusate may cause low electrolyte levels and may also result in dependence. Docusate should not be used in people with

• intestinal obstruction,
• appendicitis,
• acute stomach pain,
•  bowel impaction, and
• those who have nausea and vomiting.

• Adult (≥ 12 years): The recommended oral dose is 50 to 500 mg/day in 1 to 4 divided doses. The recommended rectal dose is 50 to100 mg of docusate liquid added to enema fluid.
• Pediatric: The recommended dose for infants and children <3 years is 10 to 40 mg/day in 1 to 4 divided doses. The recommended dose in children between the ages of 3 to 6 is 20 to 60 mg/day in 1 to 4 divided doses. The recommended dose in children between the ages of 6 to 12 is 40-150 mg/day in 1 to 4 divided doses.

: No significant drug to drug interactions have been reported with docusate salts. Administration of docusate with mineral oil is not recommended because docusate may increase the absorption of mineral oil which may lead to serious allergic reactions.

Docusate is generally considered to be safe during breastfeeding.

What preparations of docusate-oral are available?

• Docusate Calcium: Softgel Capsules: 240 mg
• Docusate Sodium: 100 mg capsules; 100 mg liquid filled capsules; 50 mg/5 ml oral solution; 50 mg/5 ml oral suspension; 60 mg/15 ml syrup; 100 mg tablets; 100 mg rectal enema suspension; 282 mg rectal enema suspension.

How should I keep docusate-oral stored?

Tablets should be stored at room temperature between 15 C to 30 C (59 F to 86 F).