What is clomiphene, and how does it work (mechanism of action)?
Clomiphene is an oral medication used for stimulating ovulation. It binds to estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, ovary, endometrium, vagina, and cervix. It causes production of hormones (gonadotropins) by the pituitary which stimulates ovulation. The FDA approved clomiphene in February 1967.
What brand names are available for clomiphene?
Serophene
Is clomiphene available as a generic drug?
Yes
Do I need a prescription for clomiphene?
Yes
What are the side effects of clomiphene?
The most common side effects of clomiphene are:
- ovarian enlargement,
- flushing,
- stomach discomfort,
- breast discomfort,
- blurred vision,
- nausea, and
- vomiting.
Other important side effects include
- abnormal heart beats,
- acne,
- allergic reactions,
- headaches,
- uterine bleeding,
- back pain, and
- muscle pain.
SLIDESHOW
Infertility: Types, Treatments, and Costs See SlideshowWhat is the dosage for clomiphene?
The recommended dose is 50 to 100 mg orally for 5 days. The initial dose is 50 mg which may be increased to 100 mg if there is no response. Dosage may be repeated as early as 30 days after the previous treatment.
Which drugs or supplements interact with clomiphene?
No drug interactions are listed in the prescribing information.
Is clomiphene safe to take if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Clomiphene should not be taken by pregnant women since it does not offer any benefit to pregnant women.
It is not known whether clomiphene is excreted into breast milk. It may reduce lactation in some women.
What else should I know about clomiphene?
What preparations of clomiphene are available?
Tablets: 50 mg
How should I keep clomiphene stored?
Tablets should be stored at room temperature, 15 C to 30 C (59 F to 86 F).
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Summary
Clomiphene (Clomid) is a drug prescribed to stimulate ovulation in women with ovulatory dysfunction who are not pregnant, do not have abnormal bleeding or ovarian cysts, and have normal liver function. Side effects, drug interactions, and dosing information should be reviewed prior to taking this medication.
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Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration
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