Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is not hereditary, which means it does not run in families. However, LMS can be part of many genetic syndromes that can be inherited. So, the doctor may screen a person for inherited genetic syndromes if their family member has one of the syndromes or if the person is showing symptoms.
The following syndromes increase the risk of leiomyosarcoma
- Hereditary retinoblastoma
- Li-Fraumeni syndrome
- Neurofibromatosis type 1
- Tuberous sclerosis
- Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
- Gardner syndrome
- Werner syndrome
What is leiomyosarcoma?
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a malignant tumor that originates in smooth muscle cells. It is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that tends to grow fast if not diagnosed in time.
Before learning about LMS, it is important to learn about smooth muscles. There are two types of muscles in the body: voluntary and involuntary. Involuntary muscles do not contract voluntarily. They control our involuntary functions, such as breathing, digestion and blood pressure. Smooth muscles react involuntarily in response to various stimuli. Some functions of smooth muscles at different locations include
- Smooth muscles that line the walls of the digestive tract help peristalsis, which helps to transport food.
- Smooth muscles in the skin cause goosebumps to form in response to cold.
- Smooth muscles in the salivary glands cause them to secrete saliva in response to taking a bite of food.
Smooth muscles are found almost everywhere in the body. Hence, LMS can form almost anywhere, including
- Blood vessels
- Heart
- Liver
- Pancreas
- Genitourinary system
- Gastrointestinal tract
- Retroperitoneum (the space behind the abdominal cavity)
- Uterus (the most common site of LMS)
- Skin
LMS is classified under soft tissue sarcoma. Sarcomas are cancerous tumors that start from the connective tissue, which connects, supports and surrounds organs. Soft tissue includes
- Fat
- Muscle
- Nerves
- Tendons
- Blood and lymph vessels
What are other risk factors associated with leiomyosarcoma?
Most people who get leiomyosarcoma (LMS) are over the age of 50 years old. Other risk factors associated with LMS include
- External radiation therapy
- Thorotrast (a contrast X-ray dye that is no longer used)
- Arsenical pesticides and medications
- Chlorophenols
- Phenoxy herbicides
- Dioxin
- Vinyl chloride
- Immunosuppressive drugs
- Alkylating agents
- Androgen-anabolic steroids
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- Human herpesvirus type 8 (Kaposi sarcoma)
Other causes of LMS include
- Post-transplant immunosuppression
- Thyroid disorders
- Autoimmune disease
- Cyclophosphamide
- Hormonal factors
- Chronic repair processes
- Smoking
- Damaged lymph system
Are there any early screening tests that can be done for LMS?
Currently, there aren’t any targeted screening tests for leiomyosarcoma (LMS). The only way to prevent LMS is to limit exposure to the risk factors. However, even people without any risk factors can develop LMS, so at this time there is no known way to prevent LMS.
How is LMS diagnosed?
If a person has signs and symptoms of LMS, the physician may probably recommend these tests to identify LMS
- Medical history and physical examination
- Imaging tests, such as plain X-ray, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound and positron emission tomography (PET) scan
- Biopsy
SLIDESHOW
Skin Cancer Symptoms, Types, Images See SlideshowAmerican Cancer Society
National Organization for Rare Disorders
Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center
Top Can Leiomyosarcoma Be Hereditary Related Articles
Adult Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Soft tissue sarcoma is a rare type of cancer that forms in the soft tissues of the body. Soft tissues include the muscle, tendons, fat, lymph, blood vessels, and nerves. Sarcomas can appear anywhere in the body but are usually encountered in the arms, legs, chest, abdomen, head, and neck. Although the condition primarily affects adults, it can rarely affect children.
Cancer
Cancer is a disease caused by an abnormal growth of cells, also called malignancy. It is a group of 100 different diseases, and is not contagious. Cancer can be treated through chemotherapy, a treatment of drugs that destroy cancer cells.
Cancer 101 Slideshow
Learn the basics about cancer including types, causes, how it spreads, symptoms and signs, stages and treatment options. Read about the common type of cancers.
Does Leiomyosarcoma Come Back?
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a malignant tumor that starts in the smooth muscle cells. For cancer survivors, the recurrence of cancer is the biggest worry. LMS has the highest chance of recurrence approximately two years after diagnosis.Does Leiomyosarcoma Run in Families?
Research shows that leiomyosarcoma is the result of cell deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) mutations. However, what causes that mutation is not entirely known. They suspect this gene mutation could be inherited from a parent/family.How Do You Get Leiomyosarcoma?
Leiomyosarcoma is a rare type of soft tissue cancer that occurs in the smooth lining of the organs anywhere in the body. Nearly 15,000 people in the United States get diagnosed with soft tissue sarcoma. Out of these, leiomyosarcoma accounts for only 7-10% of them. It is most common in the abdomen, followed by the skin and the blood vessels.How Fast Does Leiomyosarcoma Grow?
Leiomyosarcoma is a rare but aggressive type of cancer. It can grow fast and may even double in size in as little as four weeks.What Color Is Leiomyosarcoma
Cancer ribbons are simple loops of ribbon that people wear like badges to show their support for people who have cancer or to spread awareness about the disease. There are many different types of cancer ribbons, each with its own symbolic color.
What Is the Life Expectancy of Someone With Coffin-Siris Syndrome?
Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS) is a rare hereditary condition noticeable from birth (congenital). Most people with Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS) live relatively long lives. The lifespan of affected individuals varies widely depending on the person’s level of physical and mental development and the severity of the illness. Medical care increases the quality of life and lifetime of people with CSS.Why Is Leiomyosarcoma So Deadly?
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare type of malignant (cancerous) tumor that arises from the smooth muscle cells. Smooth muscle cells are the muscle cells of the internal organs and blood vessels that are not controlled consciously. LMS is classified as a soft tissue sarcoma and can arise in any part of the body, the most common site being the abdomen.