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Uterine Growths (cont.)

How is adenomyosis treated?

Pain medications are used to relieve the cramping pain of adenomyosis. Currently, the only effective treatment for adenomyosis is a hysterectomy, meaning removal of the uterus. This requires a recovery period and carries the risk of surgery and anesthesia, as described above (see complications of an operation for fibroids). The decision as to whether or not to have a hysterectomy depends on the severity of the symptoms and the overall health of the patient. Controlling the menstrual cycle through hormonal contraception (the pill) or use of other hormones may provide some symptom relief.

Uterine Polyps

What are uterine polyps?

Polyps of the uterus are benign overgrowths, or bulges, of the normal tissue lining the uterus into the uterine cavity. Polyps may also be found in the uterine cervix. Polyps are usually attached to the underlying uterus by a base or stalk, and they vary in size. Polyps only rarely contain cancerous cells. They are most common in women in their 40's.

What are the symptoms of uterine polyps?

Uterine polyps may not produce any symptoms. However, some women may experience:

  • bleeding after intercourse, or
  • heavy menstrual bleeding.

How are uterine polyps diagnosed and treated?

Sometimes, the polyps stick out through the opening of the cervix so that they are visible during a speculum exam, such as during a pap smear. Diagnosis is by ultrasound or examination under a microscope of the tissue removed during uterine sampling. A diagnosis can also be made by hysteroscopy, the insertion of a scope that allows visualization of the uterine cavity from the inside. It is often possible to remove polyps during this procedure. Curettage, a procedure in which the lining of the uterus is removed, can be used to cure endometrial polyps in most cases.


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