Travel Medicine Related Diseases & Conditions
Medical conditions are often related to other diseases and conditions. Our doctors have compiled a list of ailments related to the topic of Travel Medicine. These conditions may be a cause or symptom of Travel Medicine or be a condition for which you may be at increased risk.
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Chiggers
Chiggers are a mite belonging to the Trombiculidae family. Chiggers are most commonly found in grassy fields, gardens, parks,...learn more »
In This Article
Chiggers Article
- What are chiggers?
- What do chiggers look like?
- How do chiggers bite humans?
- What are the symptoms of chigger bites?
- What is the treatment for chigger bites?
- What are the complications of chigger bites?
- How can chigger bites be prevented?
- Chiggers At A Glance
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Blood Clots
Blood clots can occur in the venous and arterial vascular system. Blood clots can form in the heart, legs, arteries, veins,...learn more »
In This Article
Blood Clots Article
- Blood clot facts
- What are blood clots?
- What causes blood clots?
- What does a blood clot look like?
- What are the risk factors for blood clots?
- What types and conditions are caused by blood clots?
- What are the symptoms of blood clots?
- How are blood clots diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for blood clots?
- What are the complications of blood clots?
- How can blood clots be prevented?
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Ticks
Ticks are known transmitters of disease to humans and animals. Tick-borne diseases include Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted...learn more »
In This Article
Ticks Article
- Tick facts
- What are ticks?
- What are tick bite symptoms and signs?
- What diseases do ticks transmit (act as vectors) to humans?
- How is a tick bite diagnosed?
- What are the symptoms and signs of diseases transmitted by ticks?
- What is the treatment for a tick bite?
- How is a tick removed from the skin?
- What is the prognosis (outlook) for people who get a tick bite?
- What are the risk factors for tick bites?
- How are bites from ticks prevented?
- Where can I find more information about ticks?
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In This Article
Pregnancy (Week By Week, Trimesters) Article
- Pregnancy facts*
- Introduction
- What is the first trimester (week 1-week 12)?
- What is the second trimester (week 13-week 28)?
- What is the third trimester (week 29-week 40)?
- How will my baby develop week by week?
- What are the changes that happen to a woman's body during
her 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy?
- Body aches
- Breast changes
- Constipation
- Dizziness
- Fatigue, sleep problems
- Heartburn and indigestion
- Hemorrhoids
- Itching
- Leg cramps
- Morning sickness
- Nasal problems
- Numb or tingling hands
- Stretch marks, skin changes
- Swelling
- Urinary frequency and leaking
- Varicose veins
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Diarrhea
Diarrhea is a change is the frequency and looseness of bowel movements. Cramping, abdominal pain, and the sensation of rectal...learn more »
In This Article
Diarrhea Article
- Diarrhea facts
- What is diarrhea?
- How is diarrhea defined?
- Why does diarrhea develop?
- What symptoms are associated with diarrhea?
- What are common causes of acute diarrhea?
- Viral gastroenteritis
- Food poisoning
- Traveler's diarrhea
- Bacterial enterocolitis
- Parasites
- Drugs
- What are common causes of chronic diarrhea?
- What are the complications of diarrhea?
- When should the doctor be called for diarrhea?
- What tests are useful in the evaluation of diarrhea?
- How can dehydration be prevented and treated?
- What is the treatment for diarrhea?
- When should antibiotics be used for diarrhea?
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Colitis
Inflammation of the inner lining of the colon is referred to as colitis. Symptoms of the inflammation of the colon lining include...learn more »
In This Article
Colitis Article
- What is colitis?
- What are the causes (types) of colitis?
- Infectious colitis
- Ischemic colitis
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Microscopic colitis
- What are the symptoms of colitis?
- When should I contact my doctor about colitis?
- How is colitis diagnosed?
- How is colitis treated?
- What is the prognosis for a patient with colitis?
- Colitis At A Glance
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Dengue Fever
Dengue fever is contracted from the bite of a striped Aedes aegypti mosquito. Symptoms of dengue include headache, fever,...learn more »
In This Article
Dengue Fever Article
- Dengue fever facts
- What is dengue fever?
- What geographic areas are at high risk for contracting dengue fever?
- How is dengue fever contracted?
- What are dengue fever symptoms and signs?
- How is dengue fever diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for dengue fever?
- What is the prognosis for typical dengue fever?
- What is dengue hemorrhagic fever?
- How can dengue fever be prevented?
- Where can people get more information on dengue fever?
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In This Article
Gastroenteritis (Stomach Flu) Article
- Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) facts
- What is gastroenteritis (stomach flu)?
- What causes gastroenteritis?
- Clostridum difficile as a cause of gastroenteritis
- What are gastroenteritis symptoms?
- Is gastroenteritis contagious?
- Is gastroenteritis a serious illness?
- How does food get contaminated with gastroenteritis viruses?
- Who is at risk of gastroenteritis?
- When should the doctor be called for gastroenteritis?
- How is gastroenteritis diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for gastroenteritis?
- What are
gastroenteritis complications?
- Can gastroenteritis be prevented?
- What is the prognosis of gastroenteritis?
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Fever
Although a fever technically is any body temperature above the normal of 98.6 degrees F. (37 degrees C.), in practice a person is...learn more »
In This Article
Fever Article
- Aches, pain, fever facts
- What is a fever?
- What causes a fever?
- What are the signs and symptoms of a fever?
- How is a fever diagnosed?
- How should I take a temperature for fever?
- What is the treatment for a fever?
- When should I seek medical care for a fever?
- What are complications of a fever?
- What is the prognosis for a fever?
- What is the prevention for a fever?
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In This Article
Eustachian Tube Problems (Problems Clearing Your Ears) Article
- What is the Eustachian tube?
- What are the functions of the Eustachian tube
- What can cause Eustachian tube blockage?
- How do altitude changes or air travel affect Eustachian tube problems?
- How is Eustachian tube blockage treated?
- Eustachian Tube Problems At A Glance
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Malaria
Malaria is an infectious disease transmitted by the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito. Symptoms of malaria include chills,...learn more »
In This Article
Malaria Article
- What is malaria?
- What are malaria symptoms and signs?
- How is malaria transmitted?
- Where is malaria a particular problem?
- What is the incubation period for malaria?
- How is malaria diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for malaria?
- Is malaria a particular problem during pregnancy?
- Is malaria a particular problem for children?
- How do people avoid getting malaria?
- What is the prognosis (outcome) for people with malaria?
- Where can people get more information about malaria?
- Malaria At A Glance
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In This Article
Hepatitis B (HBV, Hep B) Article
- What is hepatitis?
- How is the hepatitis B virus spread (transmitted)?
- What are the symptoms of acute hepatitis B infection?
- What are the symptoms of chronic hepatitis B infection?
- How is hepatitis B diagnosed?
- What is the role of a liver biopsy in chronic hepatitis B?
- What is the natural course of chronic hepatitis B?
- What medications are used to treat hepatitis B?
- What are the effects of alcohol on hepatitis B?
- What are the effects of immunosuppressive medications on hepatitis B?
- What is delta hepatitis?
- What about co-infection with hepatitis B virus and
hepatitis C virus?
- What happens in co-infection with hepatitis B virus and
human immunodeficiency virus?
- What is the role of liver transplantation in hepatitis B?
- What can be done to prevent hepatitis B?
- What is new in the treatment of hepatitis B?
- Hepatitis B At A Glance
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Typhoid Fever
Typhoid fever is an illness caused by the Salmonella typhi bacteria. The illness is contracted by ingesting the bacteria in...learn more »
In This Article
Typhoid Fever Article
- Typhoid fever facts
- What is typhoid fever? What is the history of typhoid fever?
- How do patients get typhoid fever?
- How does the bacteria cause disease, and how is it diagnosed?
- What are typhoid fever symptoms?
- What is the treatment for typhoid fever, and what is the prognosis?
- Can typhoid fever be prevented?
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Leprosy
Leprosy (Hansen's disease) is a disfiguring disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium leprae bacteria. The disease is spread...learn more »
In This Article
Leprosy Article
- Leprosy (Hansen's disease) facts
- What is leprosy?
- What is the history of leprosy (Hansen's disease)?
- What causes leprosy?
- What are the risk factors for leprosy?
- What are leprosy symptoms and signs?
- Are there different forms (classifications) of leprosy?
- How is leprosy transmitted?
- How is leprosy diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for leprosy?
- What are the complications of leprosy?
- How is leprosy prevented?
- What is the prognosis (outcomes) of leprosy?
- Where can I find more information on leprosy?
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Giardia Lamblia
Giardiasis (Giardia lamblia) is a parasite responsible for a common form of infectious diarrhea. The parasite lives in two...learn more »
In This Article
Giardia Lamblia Article
- What is giardiasis?
- Who is at risk for giardiasis?
- What signs and symptoms does giardiasis cause?
- How is giardiasis diagnosed?
- How is giardiasis treated?
- How can giardiasis be prevented?
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Nausea and Vomiting
Nausea is an uneasiness of the stomach that often precedes vomiting. Nausea and vomiting are not diseases, but they are symptoms...learn more »
In This Article
Nausea and Vomiting Article
- Nausea and vomiting facts
- Introduction to nausea and vomiting
- What causes nausea or vomiting?
- Acute gastritis and nausea and vomiting
- Central causes of nausea and vomiting
- Nausea and vomiting associated with illness
- Nausea and vomiting from medications and medical treatments
- Nausea and vomiting and bowel obstruction
- Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (morning sickness)
- Vomiting in infants
- What are home remedies for nausea or vomiting?
- When should I call the doctor regarding nausea and vomiting?
- How is the source of nausea or vomiting diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for nausea and vomiting?
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Jet Lag
Jet lag (desynchonosis) is a temporary disorder that results from travel across time zones. Symptoms include anxiety,...learn more »
In This Article
Jet Lag Article
- What is jet lag?
- What are other symptoms and signs of jet lag?
- What is a time zone?
- Why does jet lag occur?
- How does the body keep time?
- What is the role of melatonin in jet lag?
- Does the direction of travel matter?
- Do the symptoms of jet lag vary in intensity?
- How long does jet lag last?
- What are the best ways to cope with jet lag?
- Should I take melatonin?
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Hepatitis (Viral Hepatitis, A, B, C, D, E, G)
Hepatitis is most often viral, due to infection with one of the hepatitis viruses (A, B, C, D, E, F (not confirmed), and G) or...learn more »
In This Article
Hepatitis (Viral Hepatitis, A, B, C, D, E, G) Article
- Viral hepatitis facts
- Viral hepatitis definition and overview
- What are the common types of viral hepatitis?
- Who is at risk for viral hepatitis?
- What are the
symptoms and signs of viral hepatitis?
- What is acute fulminant hepatitis?
- What is chronic viral hepatitis?
- How is viral hepatitis diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for viral hepatitis?
- How is viral hepatitis prevented?
- Hepatitis vaccinations
- What is the prognosis of viral hepatitis?
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E. coli (0157:H7)
There are many types of E. coli (Escherichia coli ). Pathogenic E. coli can cause urinary tract and bladder infections, or lead...learn more »
In This Article
E. coli (0157:H7) Article
- E. coli Facts
- What is E. coli?
- What is E. coli 0157:H7?
- Is E. coli 0157:H7 contagious?
- What are the symptoms of E. coli 0157:H7 infections?
- How is a E. coli 0157:H7 infection diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for E. coli 0157:H7?
- What are the complications of infection with E. coli 0157:H7?
- How do people contract E. coli 0157:H7 infections?
- E. coli 0157:H7 and prevention of
outbreaks
- Other enterohemorrhagic E. coli strains (for example, 0145,
026:H11)
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Motion Sickness
Motion sickness, often referred to as car sickness, sea sickness, or air sickness, is a very common disturbance of the inner ear...learn more »
In This Article
Motion Sickness Article
- Motion sickness facts
- What is motion sickness?
- What causes motion sickness?
- What are the symptoms of motion sickness?
- Is there a difference between motion sickness and sea sickness?
- How does our sense of balance work?
- How does motion sickness affect our sense of balance?
- Is motion sickness a serious condition?
- When do the nausea and vomiting of motion sickness stop?
- How is motion sickness treated?
- When should I see a doctor for motion sickness?
- What remedies can be taken to prevent or minimize motion sickness?
- Related motion sickness article:
Motion Sickness - on eMedicineHealth
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Cholera
Cholera is an infectious disease characterized by intense vomiting and profuse watery diarrhea and that rapidly lease to...learn more »
In This Article
Cholera Article
- Cholera facts
- What is cholera?
- What are cholera symptoms and signs?
- What causes cholera, and how is cholera transmitted?
- What is the history of cholera?
- Who is at risk for cholera, and where do cholera outbreaks occur?
- How is cholera diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for cholera?
- What is the prognosis of cholera?
- Can cholera be prevented? Are cholera vaccines available?
- Where can people find more information about cholera?
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Trichinosis
Trichinosis is a food-borne disease caused by ingesting parasites (roundworms) in undercooked pork or wild-game meat. Symptoms of...learn more »
In This Article
Trichinosis Article
- What is trichinosis? What are symptoms of trichinosis?
- What causes trichinosis?
- What is the history and life cycle of trichinosis?
- How is trichinosis diagnosed?
- How is trichinosis treated?
- Are there complications associated with trichinosis?
- What is the prognosis for patients with trichinosis?
- What are the risk factors for getting trichinosis?
- Is trichinosis a common disease?
- Where can I get more information about trichinosis?
- Trichinosis At A Glance
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Bird Flu
Bird flu (avian flu, avian influenza) infection in humans may result from contact with infected poultry. There is a vaccine to...learn more »
In This Article
Bird Flu Article
- Bird flu facts
- What is bird flu?
- What causes bird flu?
- What are risk factors for bird flu?
- What are bird flu symptoms and signs?
- How is bird flu diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for bird flu?
- What are the complications of bird flu?
- What is the prognosis of bird flu?
- Can bird flu be prevented with a vaccine?
- Where can people find more information about bird flu?
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Heat-Related Illness
Hyperthermia is the overheating of the body. Heat-related illnesses like heat stroke, heat exhaustion, heat cramps, heat rash,...learn more »
In This Article
Heat-Related Illness Article
- Heat-related illness facts
- What is a heat-related illness?
- What causes a heat-related illness?
- Who is at risk of heat-related illness?
- What are the symptoms of heat-related illness?
- Heat stroke
- Heat exhaustion
- Heat cramps
- Heat syncope
- Heat rash
- Heat-related illness prevention
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Cryptosporidiosis
Cryptosporidiosis is an intestinal disease caused by the Cryptosporidium parasite. Symptoms include watery diarrhea, stomach...learn more »
In This Article
Cryptosporidiosis Article
- What is cryptosporidiosis?
- How is cryptosporidiosis spread?
- What are the symptoms of cryptosporidiosis?
- What is the incubation period for cryptosporidiosis
infection?
- How long will symptoms last?
- Who is most at risk for cryptosporidiosis?
- Who is most at risk for getting seriously ill with cryptosporidiosis?
- What should I do if I think I may have cryptosporidiosis?
- How is cryptosporidiosis diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for cryptosporidiosis?
- If I have been diagnosed with Crypto, should I worry about spreading the infection to others?
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Shigella
Shigellosis is a disease caused by the Shigella bacteria. Bloody diarrhea, stomach cramps and fever are common symptoms. Mild...learn more »
In This Article
Shigella Article
- What is shigellosis? What causes shigellosis?
- What sort of germ is Shigella?
- How can Shigella infections be diagnosed?
- How can Shigella infections be treated?
- Are there long term consequences of a Shigella infection?
- How do people catch Shigella?
- What can a person do to prevent this illness?
- How common is shigellosis?
- What else can be done to prevent shigellosis?
- What is the government doing about shigellosis?
- How can I learn more about this and other public health problems?
- Some tips for preventing the spread of shigellosis
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Travelers' Diarrhea
Travelers' diarrhea is generally contracted by eating contaminated food or drinking contaminated water. Food is the primary...learn more »
In This Article
Travelers' Diarrhea Article
- Travelers' diarrhea facts
- What is travelers' diarrhea?
- How common is travelers' diarrhea?
- What causes travelers' diarrhea?
- What are the symptoms of travelers' diarrhea?
- How is travelers' diarrhea diagnosed?
- How is travelers' diarrhea treated?
- What is the prognosis for travelers' diarrhea?
- How can travelers' diarrhea be prevented?
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In This Article
Hepatitis A (HAV, Hep A) Article
- Hepatitis A facts*
- What is hepatitis A?
- What is the liver?
- What causes hepatitis A?
- Who gets hepatitis A?
- How could I get hepatitis A?
- What are the symptoms of hepatitis A?
- How is hepatitis A diagnosed?
- How is hepatitis A treated?
- How can I avoid getting hepatitis A?
- What should I do if I think I have been exposed to the hepatitis A virus?
- Hope through Research
- For More Information
- Acknowledgments
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Yellow Fever
Yellow fever is an infectious disease transmitted by infected mosquitoes. Side effects are rare with the yellow fever vaccine....learn more »
In This Article
Yellow Fever Article
- What is yellow fever? What is the history of yellow fever?
- What causes yellow fever?
- How is yellow fever transmitted?
- What areas are high-risk for contracting yellow fever?
- What is the incubation period for yellow fever?
- What are yellow fever symptoms and signs?
- How is yellow fever diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for yellow fever?
- What is the prognosis for people with yellow fever?
- Can yellow fever be prevented?
- Where can people get more information on yellow fever?
- Yellow Fever At A Glance
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Monkeypox
Monkeypox is a viral disease that causes symptoms such as fever, sweating, and a rash with papules and pustules on the face and...learn more »
In This Article
Monkeypox Article
- Monkeypox facts
- What is monkeypox?
- What is the history of monkeypox?
- What causes monkeypox? How is monkeypox transmitted?
- What are risk factors for monkeypox?
- What are monkeypox symptoms and signs?
- How is monkeypox diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for monkeypox?
- What is the prognosis of monkeypox?
- Can monkeypox be prevented?
- Where can people get more information about monkeypox?
- What research is being done on monkeypox?
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Yaws
Yaws is an infectious disease that mainly occurs in the tropical areas of South and Central America, Asia, Africa, and the...learn more »
In This Article
Yaws Article
- What is yaws? What are symptoms of yaws?
- What causes yaws?
- How does yaws begin and spread?
- What are developmental stages in the course of yaws?
- How is yaws diagnosed?
- How is yaws treated?
- Why is yaws a serious problem?
- Why is this disease called yaws?
- Yaws At A Glance
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In This Article
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Article
- What are viral hemorrhagic fevers?
- How are hemorrhagic fever viruses grouped?
- What carries viruses that cause viral hemorrhagic fevers?
- Where are cases of viral hemorrhagic fever found?
- How are hemorrhagic fever viruses transmitted?
- What are the symptoms of viral hemorrhagic fever illnesses?
- How are patients with viral hemorrhagic fever treated?
- How can cases of viral hemorrhagic fever be prevented and controlled?
- What needs to be done to address the threat of viral hemorrhagic fevers?
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Melioidosis
Melioidosis (Whitmore's disease) is an infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei bacteria. Symptoms include...learn more »
In This Article
Melioidosis Article
- What is melioidosis? What causes melioidosis?
- Where does melioidosis occur?
- What are symptoms of melioidosis?
- How is melioidosis diagnosed?
- How is melioidosis treated?
- Can melioidosis be prevented?
- What is the prognosis for melioidosis?
- Melioidosis At A Glance
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Guinea Worm Disease
Guinea worm disease (GWD or dracunculiasis) is an infection caused by the parasite Dracunculus medinensis. After a person drinks...learn more »
In This Article
Guinea Worm Disease Article
- What is dracunculiasis?
- How does Guinea worm disease spread?
- What are the signs and symptoms of Guinea worm disease?
- What is the treatment for Guinea worm disease?
- Where is Guinea worm disease found?
- Who is at risk for infection?
- Is Guinea worm disease a serious illness?
- Is a person immune to Guinea worm disease once he or she has it?
- How can Guinea worm disease be prevented?
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SARS
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a respiratory disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV. Symptoms include fever and...learn more »
In This Article
SARS Article
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) facts
- What is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)?
- What causes SARS? How is SARS transmitted?
- What are risk factors for SARS?
- What are SARS symptoms and signs?
- How is SARS diagnosed?
- What is the treatment for SARS?
- What is the prognosis of SARS?
- Can SARS be prevented?
- Where can people get more information about SARS?
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Mad Cow Disease
Mad cow disease (or bovine spongiform encephalopathy [BSE]) is a fatal disease that attacks the central nervous system of adult...learn more »
In This Article
Mad Cow Disease Article
- Mad cow disease facts, history, how it's spread, and link to variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD)
- How many cases of mad cow disease have been identified in the U.S.?
- How many cases of mad cow disease have been identified in Canada?
- What are the different strains of mad cow disease?
- Can feed bans prevent the spread of mad cow disease?
- What is the prevalence of mad cow disease in the U.S. and Canada?
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In This Article
Enterovirulent E. coli (EEC) Article
- Enterovirulent E. coli (EEC) facts
- What are enterovirulent E. coli (EEC)?
- What are the symptoms caused by enterovirulent E. coli (EEC)?
- A new EEC group? (update on the E. coli 0104:H4 outbreak in Germany)
- How do enterovirulent E. coli groups cause disease?
- When should one seek medical care for enterovirulent E. coli infection?
- How are enterovirulent E. coli infections diagnosed?
- How are enterovirulent E. coli infections treated?
- How is self-care at home done for enterovirulent E. coli?
- What are the complications associated with
enterovirulent E. coli (EEC)?
- How are enterovirulent E. coli (EEC) infections prevented?
- What are the prognoses (outcomes) of enterovirulent
E. coli infections?
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In This Article
Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR TB) Article
- What is
XDR TB?
- How is XDR TB spread?
- Why is XDR TB
so serious?
- Who is at risk for getting XDR TB?
- How can I prevent myself from getting TB?
- Can the TB vaccine (BCG) help prevent XDR TB?
- If I have regular (drug-susceptible) TB, how can I prevent getting
drug-resistant TB?
- Can XDR TB be treated and cured?
- What are the symptoms of XDR TB?
- What should I do if I have been around someone who has XDR TB?
- How long does it take to find out if you have XDR TB?
- Is XDR TB a problem in the United States?
- How many cases of XDR TB have been reported in the United States?
- Is it safe to travel where cases of XDR TB have been reported?
- What can health care providers do to prevent XDR TB?
- Are immigrants putting the U.S. at increased risk for TB?
- Why haven't we heard about XDR TB before now?
- What is CDC doing to prevent XDR TB from becoming a bigger problem?
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