In this Article

• What is a stroke?
• What causes a stroke?
• What are the risk factors for stroke?
• What is a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
• What is the impact of strokes?
• What are stroke symptoms?
• What should be done if you suspect you or someone else is having a stroke?
• How is a stroke diagnosed?
• What is the treatment of a stroke?
• What complications can occur after a stroke?
• What can be done to prevent a stroke?
• What is in the future for stroke treatment?
• Stroke At A Glance
• Patient Discussions: Stroke - Symptoms Experienced
• Stroke Glossary
• Stroke Index

What is the impact of strokes?

In the United States, stroke is the third largest cause of death (behind heart disease and all forms of cancer). The cost of strokes is not just measured in the billions of dollars lost in work, hospitalization, and the care of survivors in nursing homes. The major cost or impact of a stroke is the loss of independence that occurs in 30% of the survivors. What was a self-sustaining and enjoyable lifestyle may lose most of its quality after a stroke and other family members can find themselves in a new role as caregivers.

What are stroke symptoms?

When brain cells are deprived of oxygen, they cease to perform their usual tasks. The symptoms that follow a stroke depend on the area of the brain that has been affected and the amount of brain tissue damage.

Small strokes may not cause any symptoms, but can still damage brain tissue. These strokes that do not cause symptoms are referred to as silent strokes. According to The U.S. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), these are the five major signs of stroke:

1. Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body. The loss of voluntary movement and/or sensation may be complete or partial. There may also be an associated tingling sensation in the affected area.


2. Sudden confusion or trouble speaking or understanding. Sometimes weakness in the muscles of the face can cause drooling.


3. Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes


4. Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination


5. Sudden, severe headache with no known cause

Stroke - Symptoms Experienced

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