In this Article

• What is shock?
• What are the types of shock?
• What are the causes of shock?
• What are the symptoms of shock?
• When should I seek medical care for shock?
• What is the treatment for shock?
• Can shock be prevented?
• What is the outlook for shock?
• Shock Glossary
• Shock Index

What are the causes of shock?

There are several main causes of shock:

• Heart conditions (heart attack, heart failure)
  
  
• Heavy internal or external bleeding, such as from a serious injury
  
  
• Dehydration
  
  
• Infection
  
  
• Severe allergic reaction
  
  
• Spinal injuries
  
  
• Burns
  
  
• Persistent vomiting or diarrhea

What are the signs and symptoms of shock?

Low blood pressure is the key sign of shock.

Symptoms of all types of shock include:

• Rapid, shallow breathing
  
  
• Cold, clammy skin
  
  
• Rapid, weak pulse
  
  
• Dizziness or fainting
  
  
• Weakness

Depending on the type of shock the following symptoms may also be observed:

• Eyes appear to stare
  
  
• Anxiety or agitation
  
  
• Confusion or unresponsiveness
  
  
• Low or no urine output
  
  
• Bluish lips and fingernails
  
  
• Sweating
  
  
• Chest pain

When should I seek medical care for shock?

If you suspect shock after an injury, even if the person seems alright, call 911 or get them to an emergency department immediately. Prompt treatment can save a person's life.

The sooner shock is treated, the better. When treated quickly there is less risk of damage to a person's vital organs.

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