Bladder Cancer - What Grade was your Bladder Cancer
What grade was your bladder cancer in when you were diagnosed?
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What is bladder cancer grading?
Grading of bladder cancer is done by the pathologist by examination of the
tumor specimen under a microscope. It is a measure of the extent by which the
tumor cells differ in their appearance from normal bladder cells. Greater the
distortion of appearance, the higher the grade assigned. High-grade cancers are
more aggressive than low-grade ones and have a greater propensity to invade into
the bladder wall and spread to other parts of the body.
Grade 1 cancers have cells that look very much like normal cells. They are
called low grade or well differentiated and tend to grow slowly and are not
likely to spread.
Grade 2 cancers have cells that look more abnormal. They are
called medium grade or moderately differentiated and may grow or spread more
quickly than low grade.
Grade 3 cancers have cells that look very abnormal. They are called high grade or poorly differentiated and are more quickly
growing and more likely to spread.
In 2004, the World Health Organization developed a new grading system for
bladder cancer. This system divides bladder cancers into the following groups.
Papillary urothelial
neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) - slow growing and unlikely to
spread
Low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma - slow growing and unlikely to
spread
High-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma - more quickly growing and
more likely to spread
Stage and grade of bladder cancer play a very important role not just in
deciding the treatment that an individual patient should receive but also in
quantifying the chances of success with that treatment. Of note, carcinoma in
situ (CIS or Tis, as mentioned in the section on staging) is always high grade.