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Bladder Cancer - Types

What type of bladder cancer were you diagnosed with?

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What are the types of bladder cancer?

Bladder cancer is classified on the basis of the appearance of its cells under the microscope (histological type). The type of bladder cancer has implications in selecting the appropriate treatment for the disease. For example, certain types may not respond to radiation and chemotherapy as well as others. The extent of surgery required for maximizing the chances of cure may also be impacted by the histological type of the cancer.

The more common types of bladder cancer and their relative incidence are given below:

  • Urothelial carcinoma (previously known as "transitional cell carcinoma") is the most common type and comprises 90%-95% of all bladder cancers. It is strongly associated with cigarette smoking.


  • Adenocarcinoma of the bladder comprises about 2% of all bladder cancers and is associated with prolonged inflammation and irritation.


  • Squamous cell carcinoma comprises 1%-2% of bladder cancers and is also associated with prolonged infection, inflammation, and irritation such as that associated with longstanding stones in the bladder. In certain parts of the Middle East and Africa (for example, Egypt), this is the predominant form of bladder cancer and is associated with chronic infection caused by Schistosoma worm (a blood fluke, that causes Schistosomiasis, also termed bilharzia or snail fever).


  • Other rare forms of bladder cancer include small cell cancer, pheochromocytoma, and sarcoma.
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