What are complications of bacterial vaginosis?
Bacterial vaginosis can resolve completely without complications after treatment. No special follow-up is necessary if the symptoms disappear.
Women with bacterial vaginosis are at increased risk for contracting
HIV infection as well as other
STDs including genital herpes,
gonorrhea, and Chlamydia.
In
pregnancy, bacterial vaginosis can cause premature labor, premature birth, infection of the amniotic fluid, and infection of the uterus
and pelvic organs (known as
pelvic inflammatory disease) after delivery. Treatment is often recommended
prior to hysterectomy,
Cesarean birth, or
IUD insertion in order to
avoid spread of the disease into the pelvic organs.
However, treatment of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy that is not causing
symptoms has not been shown
to decrease the incidence of premature births in most studies. For these reasons, screening and treatment for bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy is controversial, and research is still being conducted to determine its utility and value.
Currently the routine screening of all pregnant women is not recommended. However, screening and treatment of bacterial vaginosis is
sometimes recommended for women with a history of a preterm birth.