Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Causes of ADHD

ADHD in Adults Slideshow

The exact cause of ADHD isn't known.

Experts do know that there are changes in the brains of people with the condition. ADHD is not caused by home or school situations or by poor parenting.

Here's what the experts know:

• Studies of the brain and its functioning show that children and adults who have ADHD are likely to have an abnormal functioning (dysregulation) of certain neurotransmitters (chemicals in the brain) that regulate behavior.
• A study by the National Institute of Mental Health demonstrated a link between a person's ability to pay continued attention and the level of activity in the brain. This study found that the rate at which the brain uses glucose (its main source of energy) is lower in certain areas of the brain in people with ADHD.
• There's a genetic link. ADHD tends to run in families. If one or both parents have ADHD, their children may be more likely to develop the condition.
• Another potential factor that may play a role in causing ADHD is the presence of certain toxins in the environment, such as lead. These toxins may interfere with the brain development of children and possibly lead to ADHD.
• High levels of anxiety by the mother during pregnancy may increase the chance that her baby will develop ADHD later in life.

Research has shown that there is no evidence that ADHD is caused by:

• Eating too much sugar
• Food additives
• Allergies
• Immunizations

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