High-Protein Diet Goes Vegetarian
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Vegetarian Diet Study:
Low-Carbohydrate, High-Protein Diet May Be Better for Heart
By Miranda Hitti
WebMD Health News
Reviewed by Louise Chang
June 8, 2009 -- Among vegetarian diets, a high-protein,
low-carbohydrate plan may improve cholesterol levels more than a high-carbohydrate diet.
That news comes from a new study published in the Archives of Internal
Medicine.
The study included 47 overweight men and women with high total and LDL
("bad") cholesterol levels. For a month, they ate only food that was packaged
for them in accordance with the study.
Half of the participants got meals that were high in plant-based protein
(soy, gluten, and nuts) and low in
carbohydrates. Oats
and barley, which are high in fiber, were allowed in limited amounts, but common starchy foods -- like
bread, baked goods, and rice -- weren't included.
For comparison, the other half of the group got a high carbohydrate, low-fat,
lacto-ovo vegetarian diet, meaning it included low-fat or skim dairy products
and egg whites or egg substitutes.
At the end of the month, both groups had the same average
weight loss --
about 9 pounds.
People in both groups improved their cholesterol and
triglycerides levels, as
well as their blood pressure. But the high-protein group had a greater
improvement in those areas.
However, it's not clear whether the protein made the difference. Fiber could
also have been important, note the researchers, who included David Jenkins, MD,
of Canada's University of Toronto and St. Michael's Hospital.
Jenkins has previously published research on low- glycemic index foods
for people with diabetes and the cholesterol-lowering "portfolio" diet.
Larger, longer studies are needed to see which diet works best in the long
run, especially when people have to prepare their own foods, notes an editorial
published with the study.
Jenkins' study was partly funded by soy foods maker Solae and Canadian food
distributor Loblaw Companies. In the journal, Jenkins discloses his ties to
Solae, Unilever, the California Strawberry Commission, the Almond Board of
California, and other companies.
The editorialists, who included Katherine Tuttle, MD, of the Providence
Medical Research Center at the University of Washington School of Medicine in
Spokes, Wash., note no financial disclosures.
SOURCES:
Jenkins, D. Archives of Internal Medicine, June 8, 2009; vol 169: pp 1046-1054.
WebMD Health News: "Low-Glycemic Index for Diabetes."
WebMD Health News: "Cholesterol-Lowering Diet Packs Punch."
Tuttle, K. Archives of Internal Medicine, June 8, 2009; vol 169: p 1027.
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