Salivary Gland Cancer
What is salivary gland cancer?
Salivary gland cancer is a rare disease in which malignant (cancer) cells
form in the tissues of the salivary glands.
The salivary glands make saliva and release it into the mouth. Saliva has
enzymes that help digest food and antibodies that help protect against
infections of the mouth and throat. There are 3 pairs of major salivary glands:
- Parotid glands: These are the largest salivary glands and are found in
front of and just below each ear. Most major salivary gland tumors begin in this
gland.
- Sublingual glands: These glands are found under the tongue in the floor
of the mouth.
- Submandibular glands: These glands are found below the jawbone.
There are also hundreds of small (minor) salivary glands lining parts of the
mouth, nose, and larynx that can be seen only with a microscope. Most small
salivary gland tumors begin in the palate (roof of the mouth).
More than half of all salivary gland tumors are benign (not cancerous) and do
not spread to other tissues.
What increases the risk of salivary gland cancer?
Being exposed to certain types of radiation may increase the risk of salivary
cancer.
Anything that increases the chance of getting a disease is called a risk
factor. Although the cause of most salivary gland cancers is not known, risk
factors include the following:
- Older age.
- Treatment with radiation therapy to the head and neck.
- Being
exposed to certain substances at work.
Next: What are symptoms and signs of salivary gland cancer? »
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