Prolactinoma (cont.)
Do prolactinomas affect oral contraceptives?
In the past, oral contraceptives (birth control pills) were
thought to contribute to the development of prolactinomas. However,
this notion is no longer held to be true. Patients with prolactinomas
who are treated with bromocriptine (Parlodel) or cabergoline
(Dostinex) may also take oral contraceptives. Similarly,
post-menopausal estrogen replacement is safe in patients with
prolactinomas who are treated with medical therapy or surgery.
Is osteoporosis a risk in women with high prolactin levels?
Women whose ovaries produce inadequate estrogen are at an
increased risk for osteoporosis. Hyperprolactinemia can cause reduced
estrogen production. Although estrogen production may be restored
after treatment for hyperprolactinemia, even a year or two without
estrogen can decrease the strength of the bones. Women should protect
themselves from osteoporosis by regular exercise and increased
calcium intake through diet or supplementation, and by
avoiding
smoking. Women may want to have bone density measurements. They may
also want to discuss estrogen replacement therapy with their
doctors.
Prolactinoma At A Glance
- A prolactinoma is a benign tumor of the pituitary
gland.
- Prolactinomas cause secretion of the hormone prolactin, which
stimulates the breast to produce milk.
- The aims of treatment are the reduction of prolactin level to
normal, reduction of tumor size, and restoration of normal pituitary
function.
- Most prolactinomas occur sporadically with a low risk of
recurrence in the family.
- However, some prolactinomas are due to a genetic predisposition
and carry a high risk of recurrence.
- The overall success rate in treating prolactinomas is very
high.
Reference: National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Last Editorial Review: 4/16/2008
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