Premature Menopause (Medical Procedural Causes) (cont.)
What Is Surgical Menopause?
Surgical menopause
occurs when a premenopausal woman has her ovaries surgically removed in a
procedure called a bilateral oophorectomy. This causes an abrupt menopause, with women often experiencing more severe menopausal symptoms than if they were to experience menopause naturally.
Why Would Someone Have a Bilateral Oophorectomy?
In most cases, bilateral oophorectomy is performed because of cancer, including
cervical, endometrial (cancer of the uterus) and ovarian cancer. However, it may occasionally be done to treat non-cancerous conditions such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis or infections.
Which Surgical Procedures Involve Bilateral Oophorectomy?
Hysterectomy (the surgical removal of the uterus) can sometimes, though not always, include bilateral oophorectomy. Hysterectomy that does not involve removal of the ovaries usually does not result in menopause.
Other surgeries that may involve the removal of both ovaries include:
- Abdominal resection. This
is a surgical procedure done to treat colon and rectal cancer . While this surgery usually involves the removal of the lower colon and rectum, it can also include partial or total removal of the uterus and ovaries, as well as the rear wall of the vagina.
- Total pelvic exenteration. This procedure is usually only performed in cases of cervical cancer that recurs despite treatment with surgery and radiation. It involves the removal of most pelvic organs, including: the uterus, cervix, ovaries and
fallopian tubes, vagina, bladder, urethra, and part of the rectum.
Next: What Medical Treatments Can Cause Menopause? »
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