Sleep Disorders and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder

Introduction to PLMD

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Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) is a sleep disorder characterized by rhythmic movements of the limbs during sleep. The movements typically involve the legs, but upper extremity movements may also occur. Movements occur periodically throughout the night and can fluctuate in severity from one night to the next. They tend to cluster in episodes that last anywhere from a few minutes to several hours. These movements are very different from the normal spasms, called hypnic myoclonia, that we often experience initially while trying to fall asleep.

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Sleep Disorders

Are You Sleep Deprived?

Medical Author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD
Medical Editor: Jay W. Marks, MD

No matter how much sleep you need, if you don't get enough, you will suffer the effects of sleep deprivation. Individuals vary in their need for sleep. Some people require nine or more hours of sleep per night, while others may not feel deprived after just five hours of sleep. But the average adult requires seven to eight hours of sleep per night.

Are you getting enough sleep? Ask yourself the following questions:

  1. Do you often feel drowsy during the day?
  2. Do you usually fall asleep within the first five minutes after lying down in bed?

If you answered yes to either of these, you're likely to be sleep deprived or have a sleep disorder. There are many different types of sleep disorders. Examples include:

  • insomnia,
  • sleep-related breathing disorders such as sleep apnea,
  • periodic limb movement disorder, and...

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