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The Cleveland Clinic

Myopia

Introduction

Myopia (or nearsightedness) affects 20% to 30% of the population, but this eye disorder is easily corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses or surgery.

People who have myopia or nearsightedness have difficulty seeing distant objects, but can see objects that are near clearly. For example, a person who is nearsighted may not be able to make out highway signs until they are just a few feet away.



Next: What causes myopia? »

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Myopia

What is the retina?

The retina is an extremely thin tissue that lines the inside of the back of the eye. When we look around, light from the objects we are trying to see enters the eye. The light image is focused onto the retina by the cornea and the lens. This light striking the retina causes a complex biochemical change within layers of the retina and this, in turn, stimulates an electrical response in other layers of the retina. Nerve endings within the retina transmit these signals to the brain through the optic nerve. Within specific areas of the brain, this electrical energy is processed to allow us both to see and to understand what we are seeing. The retina has been compared to the film of a camera. However, film, once used, has a permanent image on it. The retina continually renews itself chemically and electrically, allowing us to see millions of different images every day without them being superimposed.

The retina is about the size of a pos...

Read the Retinal Detachment article »










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