Muscle Spasms (cont.)

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Muscle Spasms At A Glance

  • Spasms may affect many different types of muscles in the body, leading to many different symptoms and presentations.
  • Spasms of skeletal muscles are most common and are often due to dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities. The spasm occurs abruptly, is painful, and usually short lived. It may be relieved by gently stretching the muscle.
  • If muscle spasms are especially painful, if they do not resolve or if they recur, medical care should be accessed to look for potential underlying causes.
  • Smooth muscles that are within the walls of hollow organs in the body can go into spasm, causing significant pain. Often this pain is colicky, meaning that it comes and goes. Examples include the pain associated with diarrhea, gallbladder pain, and passing a kidney stone.
  • A special form of muscle spasms are the dystonias whereby an abnormality perhaps exists with the chemicals that help transmit signals within the brain. Examples include torticollis and blepharospasm. Treatment may include medications to help restore the neurotransmitter levels to normal and Botox injections to paralyze the affected muscle and relieve the spasm.

REFERENCE:

Bucholz, R.W., J.D. Heckman, and C.M. Court-Brown. Rockwood and Green's Fracture in Adults. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2006.


Reviewed by William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR on 12/12/2011

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