Dr. Roxanne Dryden-Edwards is an adult, child, and adolescent psychiatrist. She is a former Chair of the Committee on Developmental Disabilities for the American Psychiatric Association, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, and Medical Director of the National Center for Children and Families in Bethesda, Maryland.
Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology.
Where can people get support for mental health disorders?
Depression and Related Affective Disorders Association
2330 West Joppa Road,
Suite 100
Lutherville, MD 21093
Email: drada@jhmi.edu
Phone: 410-583-2919
Fax: 410-614-3241 http://www.drada.org
National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI)
3803 N. Fairfax Dr., Ste. 100
Arlington, VA 22203
Main: 703-524-7600
Fax: 703-524-9094
Member services: 888-999-NAMI (6264)
National Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance (DBSA)
730 N. Franklin
Street, Suite 501
Chicago, Illinois 60654-7225 USA
Toll-free phone: 800-826-3632
Fax: 312-642-7243 http://www.DBSAlliance.org
National Foundation for Depressive Illness, Inc.
PO Box 2257
New York, NY
10116
800-239-1265 http://www.depression.org/
Mental Health America
2000 N. Beauregard Street, 6th Floor
Alexandria, VA
22311
Phone: 703-684-7722
Toll-free phone: 800-969-6642
Fax: 703-684-5968
Where can people get more information about mental illnesses?
National Institute of Mental Health
9000
Rockville Pike
Bethesda, Maryland 20892
NIHinfo@od.nih.gov
301-496-4000
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
SAMHSA's Health Information Network
PO Box 2345
Rockville, MD 20847-2345
Phone: 877-SAMHSA-7 (877-726-4727)
SAMHSAInfo@samhsa.hhs.gov http://store.samhsa.gov/
REFERENCES:
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders, Fourth Edition-Treatment Revision 2001.
Chou, J.C.Y. Treatment-resistant bipolar disorder: a review of psychotherapeutic
approaches. Psychiatric Times 26.8 July 2009.
Cohen, L.S. "Treatment of bipolar disorder during pregnancy." Journal of Clinical
Psychiatry 68.9 (2007): 4-9.
Daniel, J., W. Honey, M. Landen, et al. "Mental health
in the United States: health risk behaviors and conditions among persons with
depression — New Mexico, 2003." Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 39 (2005):
989-91.
Domschke, K., and U. Dannlowski. "Imaging genetics of anxiety disorders."
Neuroimage 53.3 Nov. 2010: 822-831.
Frank, E., I. Soreca, H.A. Swartz, et al.
"The role of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy in improving occupational
functioning in patients with bipolar disorder." American Journal of Psychiatry 165
(2008): 1559-1565.
Geller, B., R. Tillman, K. Bolhofner, and B. Zimmerman. "Child
bipolar I disorder: prospective continuity with adult bipolar I disorder;
characteristics of second and third episodes; predictors of 8-year outcome."
Archives of General Psychiatry 65.10 Oct. 2008: 1125-1133.
Gentile, S. "Antipsychotic therapy during early and late pregnancy. A systemic
review." Oxford University Press, 2008.
Hatzenbueler, M.L., K.M. Keyes, and K.A. McLaughlin. "The protective effects of
social/contextual factors on psychiatric morbidity in LGB populations."
International Journal of Epidemiology 2011.
Hirschfeld, R.M.A. Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients with Bipolar
Disorder. American Psychiatric Association; Arlington, Virginia, November 2005.
Keaton, D., N. Lamkin, K.A. Cassidy, et al. "Utilization of herbal and nutritional
compounds among older adults with bipolar disorder and with major depression."
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 24 (2009): 1087-1093.
Kessler, R.C., P.A.
Berglund, O. Demler, R. Jin, K.R. Merikangas, and E.E. Walters. "Lifetime prevalence
and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity
Survey Replication (NCS-R)." Archives of General Psychiatry 62.6 (2005): 593-602.
Keyes, C.L.M. "Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating axioms of the
complete state model of health." Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
73.3 (2005): 539–548.
Kirkcaldy, B.D., R.J. Shephard, and R.G. Siefen. "The
relationship between physical activity and self-image and problem behavior among
adolescents." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 37.11 (2002):
544-550.
Lieb, R., E. Becker, and C. Altamura. "The epidemiology of generalized anxiety
disorder in Europe." European Neuropsychopharmacology 15 (2005): 445-452.
Meyer, I.H. "Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and
bisexual populations: conceptual issues and research evidence." Psychological
Bulletin 129.5 Sept. 2003: 674-697.
Miklowitz, D.J., and K.D. Chang. "Prevention of
bipolar disorder in at-risk children: theoretical assumptions and empirical
foundations." Developmental Psychopathology 20.3 (2008): 881-897.
Murali, V., and F.
Oyebode. "Poverty, social inequality and mental health." Advances in Psychiatric
Treatment 10 (2004): 216-224.
Reiersen, A.M., J.N. Constantino, M. Grimmer, et al. "Evidence for shared genetic
influences on self-reported ADHD and autistic symptoms in young adult Australian
twins." Twin Research in Human Genetics 11.6 Dec. 2008: 579-585.
Steinkuller, A., and J.E. Rheineck. "A review of evidence-based therapeutic
interventions for bipolar disorder." Journal of Mental Health Counseling 31.4 Oct. 2009: 338-350.
Sathyanarayana Rao, T.S., and C. Andrade. "Primary prevention for offspring of parents
with mental illness." Indian Journal of Psychiatry 52.3 July-Sept. 2010:
201-202.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental
Health Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental
Health, 1999.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Mental Health: A Report of the
Surgeon General—Executive Summary. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services 1999.
Valenti, M., A. Benabarre, M. Garcia-Amador, et al. "Electroconvulsive therapy in
the treatment of mixed states in bipolar disorder." European Psychiatry 23.1 Jan. 2008: 53-56.
Reviewed by Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD on 10/28/2011
Heat rash is a skin irritation caused by excessive sweating. It can occur at any age and it appears as a rash that itches or feels prickly, and looks like
Dementia is a significant loss of intellectual abilities such as memory capacity, severe enough to interfere with social or occupational functioning. There
Anxiety is a feeling of apprehension and fear characterized by physical symptoms. Anxiety disorders are serious medical illnesses that affect approximately
Fibromyalgia, formerly
known as fibrositis, causes chronic pain, stiffness, and
tenderness of muscles, tendons, and joints without detectable inflammation.
Panic attacks are sudden feelings of terror that strike without warning. These episodes can occur at any time, even during sleep. A person experiencing
Stress occurs when forces from the outside world impinge on the individual. Stress is a normal part of life. However, over-stress, can be harmful. There
Alcoholism is a disease that includes alcohol craving and continued drinking despite repeated alcohol-related problems, such as losing a job or getting
Dissociative identity disorder (formerly known as multiple personality disorder or split personality disorder) is a mental illness in which a person has
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a psychiatric condition, can develop after any catastrophic life event. Symptoms include nightmares, flashbacks,
ADHD afflicts approximately 3 percent to 5 percent of school-age children and an estimated 60 percent of those maintain the disorder into adulthood. Symptoms
Bipolar disorder (or manic depression) is a mental illness characterized by depression, mania, and severe mood swings. Treatment may incorporate mood stabilizer
Anorexia is an eating disorder characterized by markedly reduced appetite or total aversion to food. Anorexia is a serious psychological disorder and is
Borderline personality disorder is a serious mental illness characterized by pervasive instability in moods, interpersonal relationships, self-image, and
Psychotic disorders are a group of serious illnesses that affect the mind. Different types of psychotic disorders include schizophrenia, schizoaffective
Drug addiction is a chronic disease that causes drug-seeking behavior and drug use despite negative consequences to the user and those around him. Though
Grief is the feeling one experiences after a loss (of a friendship, death of loved one, job). Complicated grief refers to grief that lasts for more than
Alzheimer's disease is a common cause of dementia. Symptoms and warning signs of Alzheimer's disease include memory loss, difficulty performing familiar
Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) has many symptoms, signs, and causes. Therapy is one treatment option for antisocial personality disorder. It is
Bulimia is an eating disorder characterized by episodes of secretive excessive eating (bingeing) followed by inappropriate methods of weight control, such
ICU psychosis is a disorder (also a form of delirium or acute brain failure) in which patients in an intensive care unit or a similar setting experience
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be challenging for a parent or caregiver with a child with this disorder. There are steps, routines,
Schizoaffective disorder is a mental illness that features schizophrenia and a mood disorder, either major depression or bipolar disorder. Symptoms include
Asperger's syndrome (AS, Asperger syndrome, Asperger disorder) is an autism spectrum disorder. Asperger's syndrome is characterized by a degree of impairment
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral disorder characterized by the symptoms hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. Treatment
Agoraphobia is a fear of being outside or of being in a situation from which escape would be impossible. Symptoms include anxiety, fear, disorientation,