Hypothermia (cont.)
When should I call the doctor for hypothermia?
In parts of the country where a cold environment is a way of life, many people have minor
exposures to the elements and do not need to seek medical care.
Because the brain is so sensitive to cold, medical care should be accessed if
the mental status of the patient is affected. This is manifested by a wide range
of behaviors, from the person who is mildly confused to the patient who is
comatose. As well, it is important to remember that there may be an underlying
medical condition that led to the hypothermia that may need to be addressed.
If there is any uncertainty, emergency medical services should be activated
(call 911 if it is available).
Can hypothermia be prevented?
While medical emergencies can occur in association with hypothermia (for
example, people with diabetes who develop very low blood sugar), most cases of
hypothermia are preventable with good planning and good judgment.
- Wear appropriate clothing for the weather.
- Prepare for the worst when enjoying an outdoor activity if cold weather is
a possibility. If choosing to drink alcohol, make certain there is a sober
person who will be responsible for your safety.
- For the elderly and the poor who may not have adequate home heating in the
winter, communities should insure that safe housing is available. Shut-ins
should have routine social service or family contacts.
Hypothermia At A Glance
- Hypothermia can be defined as a core body temperature less than 95 F or 35
C
- Shivering is one way the body generates heat to combat falling temperatures
- Brain function decreases as body temperature falls; this happens gradually
and may go unnoticed.
- At low body temperatures, the heart's electrical system may become
irritable and cause a fatal heart rhythm
- Treatment begins with removing the patient from the cold environment and
providing warmth. Wet clothing should be removed as soon as possible and
replaced with warm, dry covering.
- When in doubt, activate emergency medical services (call 911)
- Almost all cases of hypothermia are preventable.
Last Editorial Review: 11/18/2008
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