Hoarseness (cont.)
What are the signs and symptoms of hoarseness?
Hoarseness typically gives the voice a raspy and harsh
quality, though it may also cause a change in the pitch or volume of the voice.
The rapidity of onset
and any associated symptoms will depend on the underlying cause leading to
hoarseness.
How are the causes of hoarseness diagnosed?
A health care practitioner will ask the patient questions
about their hoarseness and any other associated symptoms. A physical exam will
focus on the head and neck. Often times, a diagnosis can be made based on this
initial assessment. In some instances, a long lighted flexible tube (fiberoptic
scope) will be inserted into the throat to directly visualize the vocal cords if no other cause is initially
identified. Individuals with hoarseness that lasts longer than 2-3 weeks should
have a consultation with an otolaryngologist.
What is the treatment for hoarseness?
The treatment for hoarseness depends on the underlying
cause, for example:
- Acute laryngitis caused by an upper respiratory tract infection will
usually improve on its own as the infection clears the body. Conservative
treatment with cough
suppressants and humidified air can be helpful.
- Voice rest is also recommended
in order to avoid further irritation or injury to the vocal cords.
- Antibiotics
are not indicated for most cases of acute laryngitis.
- Smoking cessation is
suggested for those individuals that smoke.
- Individuals with hoarseness caused by vocal overuse or misuse should adhere
to voice rest, as serious injury can occur to the vocal cords if the voice is
strenuously used during episodes of acute laryngitis.
- Medications for gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) or
allergies can treat hoarseness if either of these is found to be the underlying
cause. In some instances, surgery may be necessary for benign nodules or polyps, trauma to the
larynx/vocal cords and for cancer of the larynx.
Next: How is hoarseness prevented? »
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