Jay W. Marks, MD, is a board-certified internist and gastroenterologist. He graduated from Yale University School of Medicine and trained in internal medicine and gastroenterology at UCLA/Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles.
Dr. Lee was born in Shanghai, China, and received his college and medical training in the United States. He is fluent in English and three Chinese dialects. He graduated with chemistry departmental honors from Harvey Mudd College. He was appointed president of AOA society at UCLA School of Medicine. He underwent internal medicine residency and gastroenterology fellowship training at Cedars Sinai Medical Center.
Treatment of large para-esophageal hernias causing
symptoms requires surgery. During surgery, the stomach is
pulled down into the abdomen, the esophageal hiatus is made
smaller, and the esophagus is attached firmly to the
diaphragm. This procedure restores the normal anatomy.
Since sliding hiatal hernias rarely cause problems
themselves but rather contribute to acid reflux, the
treatment for patients with hiatal hernias is usually the same as for
the associated GERD. If the GERD is severe, complicated, or
unresponsive to reasonable doses of medications, surgery
often is performed. At the time of surgery, the hiatal
hernia is eliminated in a manner similar to the repair of
para-esophageal hernias. However, in addition, part of the
upper stomach is wrapped around the lower sphincter to
augment the pressure at the sphincter and further prevent
acid reflux.
Hiatal Hernia At A Glance
A hiatal hernia is an anatomical abnormality of the
esophagus.
Hiatal hernias contribute to gastro-esophageal reflux disease
(GERD).
The symptoms in individuals with hiatal hernias parallel the
symptoms of
the associated GERD.
The treatment of most hiatal hernias is the same as for the
associated GERD.
GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) is a condition in which the acidified liquid
contents of the stomach backs up into the esophagus. The symptoms of uncomplicated GERD are heartburn,
regurgitation, and nausea. Effective treatment is available for most patients with GERD.
Esophagitis is caused by an infection or irritation of the esophagus. Infections that cause esophagitis include candida yeast infection of the esophagus as well as herpes.
Barrett's esophagus occurs as a complication of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), primarily in white males. GERD refers to the reflux of acidic fluid from the stomach into the esophagus (the swallowing tube), and is classically associated with heartburn.
Heartburn is a burning sensation experienced from acid reflux (GERD). Symptoms of heartburn include chest pain, burning in the throat, difficulty swallowing, the feeling of food sticking in the throat, and a burning feeling in the chest. Causes of heartburn include dietary habits, lifestyle habits, and medical causes. Treatments for heartburn include lifestyle changes, OTC medication, prescription medication, and surgery.
Digestion is the complex process of turning food you eat into the energy you need to survive. The digestive process also involves creating waste to be eliminated, and is made of a series of muscles that coordinate the movement of food.
Acid backing up into the larynx (voice box), it causes reflux laryngitis. Irritation of the lining of the esophagus, larynx, and throat can lead to esophagitis, sinusitis, strictures, hoarseness, throat clearing, swallowing problems, asthma, chronic cough, and more. Typical symptoms of reflux laryngitis include heartburn, hoarseness, or a sensation of a foreign body in the throat. Reflux laryngitis can be treated with OTC medication, prescription medication, and lifestyle changes.
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