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Medications and Drugs

GENERIC NAME: glimepiride

BRAND NAME: Amaryl

DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM: Glimepiride is an oral blood sugar-lowering drug in a class of medicines for controlling diabetes called sulfonylureas. Glimepiride is related to other sulfonylureas including glyburide (Micronase; Diabeta), glipizide (Glucotrol), tolbutamide (Orinase) and tolazamide (Tolinase).

Glimepiride is used in type II diabetes, the most common type of diabetes that is found in 90% of patients with diabetes. In type II diabetes, insulin usually is not necessary to control the blood sugar. Instead, diet and oral medications often are sufficient. Intolerance to sugar that results in elevated blood sugar is caused by reduced insulin secretion by the pancreas and resistance to insulin's effects by the body's cells. Glimepiride lowers the sugar level in the blood by stimulating insulin to be secreted from the pancreas into the blood. Insulin causes sugar to leave the blood and enter cells throughout the body. Glimepiride was approved by the FDA in December of 1995.

GENERIC AVAILABLE: Yes

PRESCRIPTION: Yes

PREPARATIONS: Tablets: 1mg, 2mg, 4mg.

STORAGE: Tablets should be stored below 86 F (30 C).

PRESCRIBED FOR: It is believed that control of blood sugar in people with diabetes decreases the risks of eye, kidney, and nerve damage. Glimepiride is used to treat type II diabetes that cannot be controlled by a strict diabetes diet alone. If sulfonylureas are not effective, other oral drugs or insulin may be used.

DOSING: Like other medicines used to treat diabetes, the dose of glimepiride is individualized using periodic measurements of blood sugar to determine the best dose.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: Medicines that can increase blood sugar can reverse the action of glimepiride. These drugs include diuretics [for example, hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril, Ezide, Hydro-Par, Microzide, and many combinations with other drugs), furosemide (Lasix)], corticosteroids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone (Medrol)], phenytoin (Dilantin), niacin, and sympathomimetics such as pseudoephedrine (Sudafed).

Beta-blockers such as propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin) can cause low or high blood sugar. Additionally, they can directly reverse the sugar-lowering effect of sulfonylureas and render them less effective. Beta-blockers also can blunt some of the body's protective responses to low blood sugar, thus making it difficult for patients to recognize reactions due to low blood sugar. This notwithstanding, beta-blockers have been used successfully in patients with diabetes and have been associated with improved survival in patients with diabetes with high blood pressure.

Rifampin increases the breakdown of two other sulfonylureas, tolbutamide (Orinase) and glyburide (Diabeta, Micronase). This might interfere with the effects of the drugs and result in higher levels of sugar in the blood. Although this same interference has not yet been reported with glimepiride, the possibility that it may occur should be kept in mind.

PREGNANCY: In animal studies, glimepiride and other sulfonylureas have been associated with a higher risk of fetal death. However, there have been no good studies in women. On the other hand, abnormal blood sugar concentrations (high or low) during pregnancy increase the risk of abnormalities in the fetus. Therefore, physicians must carefully weigh the benefits and risks of sulfonylurea treatment during pregnancy.




Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration

 

You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.


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  • insulin - Establishes the medication insulin, a drug used for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Diabetes - Learn about type 1 and 2 diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus) symptoms including increased urination, thirst, weight loss, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, skin infections, and blurred vision. Causes and diagnosis information is provided in the information.
  • Drug Interactions - Learn about potential drug interactions you may be exposed to. Drug interactions can occur with prescription drugs, OTC medication, vitamins, herbs, and supplements.

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