Jay W. Marks, MD, is a board-certified internist and gastroenterologist. He graduated from Yale University School of Medicine and trained in internal medicine and gastroenterology at UCLA/Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles.
Dr. Shiel received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from the University of Notre Dame. There he was involved in research in radiation biology and received the Huisking Scholarship. After graduating from St. Louis University School of Medicine, he completed his Internal Medicine residency and Rheumatology fellowship at the University of California, Irvine. He is board-certified in Internal Medicine and Rheumatology.
Dr. Lee was born in Shanghai, China, and received his college and medical training in the United States. He is fluent in English and three Chinese dialects. He graduated with chemistry departmental honors from Harvey Mudd College. He was appointed president of AOA society at UCLA School of Medicine. He underwent internal medicine residency and gastroenterology fellowship training at Cedars Sinai Medical Center.
Fundoplication is the standard surgical method for
treating gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD
causes inflammation, pain (heartburn), and other serious complications (such as scarring
and stricture) of the esophagus. GERD results when acid refluxes
(regurgitates, or backwashes) from the stomach back up into the esophagus. Under
normal conditions, there is a barrier to reflux of acid. One part of this barrier
is the lower-most muscle of the esophagus (called the lower esophageal sphincter). Most
of the time, this muscle is contracted (constricted, or tight), which closes off
the esophagus from the stomach. In patients with GERD, the sphincter does not
function normally. The muscle is either weak or relaxes inappropriately.
Fundoplication is a surgical technique that strengthens the barrier to acid
reflux when the sphincter does not function normally.
A hiatal hernia is an anatomical abnormality in which part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm and up into the chest. Causes of hiatal hernia
Esophagitis is caused by an infection or irritation of the esophagus. Infections that cause esophagitis include candida yeast infection of the esophagus
Achalasia is a disease of the esophagus that mainly affects young adults. Abnormal function of nerves and muscles of the esophagus causes difficulty swallowing
GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) is the upward movement of stomach content, including acid, into the esophagus and sometimes into or out of the mouth.
Acid backing up into the larynx (voice box), it causes reflux laryngitis. Irritation of the lining of the esophagus, larynx, and throat can lead to esophagitis,
Heartburn is a burning sensation experienced from acid reflux (GERD). Symptoms of heartburn include chest pain, burning in the throat, difficulty swallowing,
Many years ago, Schatzki described a
smooth, benign, circumferential, and narrow ring of tissue in the lower end of
the esophagus (the food pipe that connects the mouth to the stomach). These rings
are loc"...
