Diabetes Insipidus (cont.)
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Damage to the pituitary gland can be caused by different diseases as well as by head injuries, neurosurgery, or
genetic disorders. To
treat the ADH deficiency that results from any kind of damage to the
hypothalamus or pituitary, a synthetic hormone called desmopressin can be taken
by an injection, a
nasal spray, or a
pill. While taking desmopressin, you should drink fluids or water only when you are thirsty and not at other times. This is because the drug prevents water excretion and water can build up now that your kidneys are making less urine and are less responsive to changes in body fluids.
Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
The kidneys' ability to respond to ADH can be impaired by drugs (like lithium, for example) and by chronic disorders including polycystic kidney disease, sickle cell disease, kidney failure , partial blockage of the ureters, and inherited genetic disorders. Sometimes the cause of nephrogenic
diabetes insipidus is never discovered.
Desmopressin will not work for this form of diabetes insipidus. Instead, you may be given a drug called hydrochlorothiazide (also called HCTZ) or indomethacin. HCTZ is sometimes combined with another drug called amiloride. The combination of HCTZ and amiloride is sold under the brand name
Moduretic. Again, with this combination of drugs, you should drink fluids only when you are thirsty and not at other times.
Next: Dipsogenic Diabetes Insipidus »
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