What is Diabetes Insipidus, and What Are the Symptoms of the Condition?
Diabetes insipidus (DI) causes frequent urination. The large volume of urine is diluted, mostly water. To make up for lost water, you may feel the need to drink large amounts. You are likely to urinate frequently, even at night, which can disrupt sleep or, on occasion, cause bedwetting. Because of the excretion of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine, you may quickly become dehydrated if you do not drink enough water. Children with
diabetes insipidus may be irritable or listless and may have fever, vomiting , or diarrhea. In its clinically significant forms,
diabetes insipidus is a rare disease.
Diabetes Insipidus versus Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes insipidus should not be confused with diabetes mellitus, which results
from insulin deficiency or resistance leading to high blood glucose. Diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus are unrelated, although they can have similar signs and symptoms, like excessive thirst and excessive urination.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is far more common than diabetes insipidus and receives more news coverage. DM has two forms, referred to as type 1 diabetes
(formerly called juvenile diabetes, or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, or IDDM) and type 2 diabetes
(formerly called adult-onset diabetes, or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, or NIDDM).
Diabetes insipidus is a different form of illness altogether.
Kidney failure can occur from an acute event or a chronic condition or disease. Prerenal kidney failure is caused by blood loss, dehydration, medication. Some of the renal causes of kidney failure are from sepsis, medications, rhabdomyolysis, multiple myeloma, and acute glomerulonephritis. Post renal causes of kidney failure include bladder obstruction, prostate problems, tumors, or kidney stones. Treatment options included diet, medications, or dialysis.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), also known by the name Stein-Leventhal syndrome, is a hormonal problem that causes women to have a variety of symptoms including irregular or no menstrual periods, acne, obesity, and excess hair growth. Treatment of PCOS depends partially on the woman's stage of life and the symptoms of PCOS.
Sickle cell anemia (sickle cell disease), a blood disease which shortens life expectancy, is cause by an inherited abnormal hemoglobin. Symptoms may include bacterial infections, painful swelling of the hands and feet, fever, leg ulcers, fatigue, anemia, eye damage, and lung and heart injury. Treatment for sickle cell anemia aims to manage and prevent the worst manifestations of the disease and focuses on therapies that block red blood cells from stacking together, which can lead to tissue and organ damage and pain.
Pregnancy planning is important to help prevent exposure of the mother and fetus to potentially harmful medications and substances during the early days, and throughout the pregnancy. Nutritional planning, prevention of birth defects, conditions such as high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, and kidney disease need careful monitoring. Gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and pregnancy induced hypertension are conditions that may arise during pregnancy. Immunizations, inherited disorders, exercise, air travel, intercourse, and birth control are important factors to consider when planning a pregnancy.
Sickle cell anemia (sickle cell disease) is a disorder of the blood caused by an inherited
abnormal hemoglobin (an oxygen-carrying protein within the red blood
cells). The abnormal hemoglobin causes distorted (sickled) red blood
cells. The sickled red blood cells are fragile and prone to rupture.
When the number of red blood cells decreases from rupture
(hemolysis), anemia is the result. This condition is referred to as
sickle cell anemia. The irregular sickled cells can also block blood
vessels causing tissue and organ damage and pain.
Sickle cell anemia is one of the most common inherited blood
anemias. The disease primarily affects Africans and
African Americans. It is estimated that in the United States, some 50,000
African Americans are afflicted with the most severe form of sickle cell anemia.
Overall, current estimates are that one in 1,875 U.S. African American is
affected with sickle cell anemia./...
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