Cosmetic Allergies (cont.)
What causes cosmetic reactions?
With irritant contact dermatitis, the skin breaks down when it comes into
contact with harsh substances, most often chemicals that directly injure the
outer layer of the skin, resulting in symptoms.
Allergic contact dermatitis occurs because the body's immune system is
reacting against a specific substance (the allergen) that it considers foreign
and harmful.
How common are reactions to cosmetics?
Serious allergic reactions associated with cosmetics are rare. However, it
is not uncommon for a person to have a mild reaction or irritation to an
ingredient in a cosmetic product. Studies suggest that up to 10% of the
population will have some type of reaction to a cosmetic over the course of a
lifetime. Reactions to cosmetics occur more often in women, most likely because
women tend to use more cosmetic products than do men.
What should I do if I have a reaction?
If you have a reaction, stop using all cosmetics. When your symptoms are
gone, start using them again, one product at a time. This may help you
determine which product or products are responsible for the reaction. If you
cannot identify the source of the reaction or if your symptoms do not go away
after you stop using the cosmetics, consult your healthcare provider.
How are allergic reactions diagnosed?
Reactions are diagnosed by the appearance of symptoms and your history of
exposure to various cosmetic products. Because most adults use many cosmetic
products, identifying the product responsible for the reaction may be
difficult. If your doctor suspects allergic contact dermatitis, he or she may
use a patch skin test to identify the substances to which you are allergic.
How are cosmetic reactions treated?
Treatment generally involves avoiding the products causing the symptoms.
Over-the-counter creams and ointments that contain cortisone, such as
hydrocortisone (Cortisone 10) and hydrocortisone acetate (Cort-aid), may be
used to help control itching, swelling, and redness. In more severe cases, a
prescription-strength medication may be needed to relieve symptoms. If
blistered skin becomes infected, an antibiotic medication may also be
needed.
Next: What can I do to prevent cosmetic reactions? »
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