Colostomy: A Patient's Perspective (cont.)
What Is A Colostomy
In simple terms, a colostomy is when the colon
is cut in half and the end leading to the stomach is brought through
the wall of the abdomen and attached to the skin. The end of the
colon that leads to the rectum is closed off and becomes dormant.
This is known as a "Hartmann's Colostomy". There are
other types of colostomy procedures, but this one is the most
common.
Usually a colostomy is performed for infection,
blockage, or in rare instances, severe trauma of the colon. This
is not an operation to be taken lightly. It is truly quite serious
and demands the close attention of both patient and doctor. A
colostomy is often performed so that an infection can be stopped
and/or the affected colon tissues can heal. The alternative to
the colostomy is often pretty grim, death. Just be glad you are
here. It is important realize that, with a few exceptions, you
can look forward to having the colostomy reversed.
The Operation
The operation usually takes between two and
four hours depending on difficulty, infection, and the severity
of trauma if that is the case. Most of the reasons for a colostomy
are: diverticulitis, other inflammatory bowel conditions, or
cancer.
Since you are having the operation, you should
discuss with your doctor whether or not you should have the appendix
removed at the same time, since they are going to be in there
anyway. It is not a necessary organ and, if removed, it can never
cause you problems in the future.
It is normal practice to open the abdomen with
an incision from just below belt line to just below the sternum.
This gives open access to the internal organs. If you have infection,
the doctor will suction and flush out the contaminates until you
are clean.
Your colon is retrieved and inspected to locate
the bad area. The bad area is then removed and the rectal end
of the colon is sealed off. The end of the colon that comes from
the stomach is cleaned and brought through the abdominal wall
through another incision to provide an opening for the colon to
expel gas and stool. After the colon is sutured in place, the
first incision is either sutured or stapled together and the entire
area is taped to protect the sutures or staples. A colostomy bag
is applied to the area where the colon comes through the abdomen.
This area is called a stoma.
During the operation there will be a catheter
installed to drain the urine. This usually stays in for a couple
of days. You will also have an intravenous (IV) line for medication
and fluids. This will stay in for several days.
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