Cholesterol (cont.)

Medical Author:
Medical Editor:

What medications are available to lower cholesterol, lipids, and triglycerides?

Comment on this

Lipid altering medications are used in lowering blood levels of undesirable lipids such as LDL cholesterol and triglycerides and increasing blood levels of desirable lipids such as HDL cholesterol. Several classes of medications are available in the United States, including HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), nicotinic acid, fibric acid derivatives, and medications that decrease intestinal cholesterol absorption (bile acid sequestrants and cholesterol absorption inhibitors). Some of these medications are primarily useful in lowering LDL cholesterol, others in lowering triglycerides, and some in elevating HDL cholesterol. Medications also can be combined to more aggressively lower LDL, as well as in lowering LDL and increasing HDL at the same time.

Note: Dosing guidelines change. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a guideline concerning the potential dangers of taking the 80mg dose of simvastatin (Zocor).

Lipid altering medications commonly used in the United States

Medication class Medication examples Effects on blood lipids
Statins pravastatin sodium (Pravachol), lovastatin (Mevacor), atorvastatin calcium (Lipitor), fluvastatin sodium (Lescol), rosuvastatin (Crestor), simvastatin (Zocor) Most effective in lowering LDL, mildly effective in increasing HDL, mildly effective in lowering triglycerides
Fibric acid Lopid, Tricor Most effective in lowering triglycerides, effective in increasing HDL, minimally effective in lowering LDL
Bile acid sequestrants cholestyramine (Questran), colestipol (Colestid), and colesevelam (Welchol) Mildly to modestly effective in lowering LDL, no effect on HDL and triglycerides
Cholesterol absorption inhibitors ezetimibe (Zetia) Mildly to modestly effective in lowering LDL, no effect on HDL and triglycerides
Combining nicotinic acid with statin lovastatin+niaspan (Advicor) Effective in lowering LDL and triglycerides and increasing HDL

Historically, niacin has been a one of the medications used to lower cholesterol and decrease the risk of heart attack and stroke. Its usefulness has been called into question by studies conducted in 2011 by the National Institutes of Health. Patients who are taking niacin should not stop using it without discussing treatment options for cholesterol control with their health care provider.

Reviewed by William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR on 7/21/2011

Patient Comments

Viewers share their comments

Cholesterol - Share Your Experience Question: Please share your experience with high cholesterol levels.
Cholesterol - Medications Question: What medications have you taken to lower your cholesterol or triglycerides? What side effects have you experienced?
Cholesterol - Effective Treatments Question: What kinds of treatments have been effective for your cholesterol?
Cholesterol - LDL Cholesterol Question: In what ways have you tried lowering your LDL cholesterol?

Get the latest health and medical information delivered direct to your inbox FREE!