Chemotherapy Related Diseases & Conditions

Medical tests and procedures are used to diagnose and treat a wide variety of conditions. Our doctors have compiled a list of ailments related to the topic of Chemotherapy that may be used to diagnose or monitor the status of the diseases and conditions listed below.

  • Anemia Anemia is the condition of having less than the normal number of red blood cells or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin...learn more »
  • Colon Cancer Colon cancer is a malignancy that arises from the inner lining of the colon. Most, if not all, of these cancers develop from...learn more »
    In This Article
    Colon Cancer Article
    • Colon cancer facts
    • What is cancer?
    • What is the colon, and what does it do?
    • Where is the colon located?
    • How long is the human colon?
    • What is colorectal cancer?
    • What are the causes and risk factors of colon cancer?
    • What are the signs and symptoms of colon cancer?
    • What tests can be done to detect and diagnose colon cancer?
    • What are the stages of colon cancer?
    • What are the treatments for colon cancer?
    • What is the follow-up care for colon cancer?
    • What is the prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer?
    • What are colon cancer survival rates?
    • Is it possible to prevent colon cancer?
  • Bone Cancer Second Source article from Government...learn more »
  • Leukemia Leukemia is a type of cancer of the blood cells in which the growth and development of the blood cells are abnormal. Strictly...learn more »
    In This Article
    Leukemia Article
    • Leukemia facts
    • What is leukemia? What are the different types of leukemia?
    • What causes leukemia? Is leukemia hereditary?
    • What are leukemia risk factors?
    • What are leukemia symptoms and signs?
    • How do physicians diagnose leukemia?
    • What is the treatment for leukemia?
    • What are complications of leukemia?
    • What is the prognosis of leukemia?
    • How often does leukemia recur?
    • Is it possible to prevent leukemia?
    • What support groups are available for people with leukemia?
    • What research is being done on leukemia?
  • Thrush (Oral Candidiasis) Thrush is an infection of the mouth caused by the Candida fungus. Symptoms of Thrush include pain or difficulty swallowing, a...learn more »
  • Lung Cancer Lung cancer kills more men and women than any other form of cancer. Eight out of 10 lung cancers are due to tobacco smoke. Lung...learn more »
  • Multiple Myeloma Multiple myeloma is a form of cancer that develops in plasma cells, the white blood cells that make antibodies. Symptoms include...learn more »
    In This Article
    Multiple Myeloma Article
    • Multiple myeloma facts
    • What is multiple myeloma? What are plasma cells?
    • What causes multiple myeloma?
    • What are risk factors for multiple myeloma? Is multiple myeloma hereditary?
    • What are multiple myeloma symptoms and signs?
    • What tests do health care professionals use to make a diagnosis of multiple myeloma?
    • What types of health care professionals treat multiple myeloma?
    • What are the stages of multiple myeloma?
    • What is the medical treatment for multiple myeloma?
    • What are lifestyle and diet tips for people with multiple myeloma?
    • What is the prognosis for multiple myeloma? What is the survival rate for multiple myeloma?
    • Is it possible to prevent multiple myeloma?
    • What support systems are available for multiple myeloma?
    • What is the latest research on multiple myeloma?
  • Liver Cancer Liver cancer is cancer of the liver cells (hepatocellular carcinoma) or of the ducts in the liver (cholangiocarcinoma). Liver...learn more »
    In This Article
    Liver Cancer Article
    • Liver cancer facts
    • What is liver cancer?
    • What is metastatic liver cancer?
    • What causes liver cancer?
    • What are the risk factors for liver cancer? Is liver cancer hereditary?
    • What are liver cancer symptoms and signs?
    • How is liver cancer diagnosed?
    • How is liver cancer staged?
    • What is the medical treatment for liver cancer?
    • What is the follow-up after treatment for liver cancer?
    • What is the prognosis of liver cancer? What are the survival rates for liver cancer?
    • Are there alternative and complementary therapies for liver cancer?
    • Can liver cancer be prevented?
    • Where can you learn more about liver cancer?
  • Skin Cancer Skin cancers occur when skin cells undergo malignant transformations and grow into tumors. The most common types of skin cancer,...learn more »
    In This Article
    Skin Cancer Article
    • What is skin cancer?
    • What are the risk factors for skin cancer?
    • Is skin cancer hereditary?
    • What causes skin cancer?
    • What are the different types of skin cancer?
    • What are the signs and symptoms of skin cancer?
    • When is a mole dangerous or high-risk for becoming a skin cancer?
    • What are the most common sites where skin cancer develops?
    • How do physicians diagnose skin cancer?
    • What is the staging for skin cancer?
    • What is the treatment for skin cancer?
    • What kinds of doctors treat skin cancer?
    • What is the prognosis and survival rate for skin cancer?
    • Is it possible to prevent skin cancer?
    • Sunscreen use and vitamin D
  • Fatigue Fatigue can be described in various ways. Sometimes fatigue is described as feeling a lack of energy and motivation (both mental...learn more »
    In This Article
    Fatigue Article
    • Fatigue Facts
    • Fatigue introduction
    • What causes fatigue?
    • What are the signs and symptoms of fatigue?
    • How is the cause of fatigue diagnosed?
    • What is the treatment for fatigue?
    • Can fatigue be prevented?
  • Uterine Cancer Though uterine cancer's cause is unknown, there are many factors that will put a woman at risk, including being over age 50,...learn more »
    In This Article
    Uterine Cancer Article
    • Uterine cancer facts*
    • What is endometrial cancer?
    • What are risk factors for endometrial cancer?
    • What are signs and symptoms of endometrial cancer?
    • What tests and procedures diagnose endometrial cancer?
    • What factors affect prognosis and treatment options for uterine cancer?
    • How is uterine cancer staging determined?
    • How does cancer spread in the body?
    • Cancer may spread from where it began to other parts of the body.
    • What are the stages of endometrial cancer?
    • What is recurrent endometrial cancer?
    • What are treatment options for endometrial cancer?
    • What are new types of treatment being tested in uterine cancer clinical trials?
    • What are clinical trials?
    • Patients can enter clinical trials before, during, or after starting their cancer treatment.
    • What follow-up tests may be needed after treatment of endometrial cancer?
    • What are uterine cancer treatment options by stage?
    • What are treatment options for recurrent endometrial cancer?
  • Brain Tumor (Symptoms, Signs, Types, Causes, Survival Rates) A brain tumor can be either non-cancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant), primary, or secondary. Common symptoms of a primary...learn more »
    In This Article
    Brain Tumor (Symptoms, Signs, Types, Causes, Survival Rates) Article
    • Brain tumor (primary) definition and facts*
    • What are the parts of the brain?
    • Brain tumor types
    • Types of primary brain tumors
    • Brain tumor grades
    • What are the causes and risk factors for brain tumors?
    • What are the symptoms of a brain tumor?
    • How are brain tumors diagnosed?
    • What about a second opinion for brain tumor treatment?
    • What is the treatment for a brain tumor?
    • What type of surgery is available for brain tumors?
    • Radiation therapy for brain tumors
    • Chemotherapy for brain tumors
    • Nutrition during brain tumor treatment
    • What supportive care is available for patients and caregivers?
    • What about rehabilitation after brain tumor treatment?
    • What about follow-up care after brain tumor treatment?
    • Sources of support
    • Taking part in cancer research
  • Prostate Cancer Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men after skin cancer. Risk factors include age, family history, ethnicity, and...learn more »
    In This Article
    Prostate Cancer Article
    • Prostate cancer facts
    • What is prostate cancer?
    • What causes prostate cancer?
    • What are the risk factors for prostate cancer?
    • What are the signs and symptoms of prostate cancer?
    • What specialists treat prostate cancer?
    • What tests do health-care professionals use to diagnose prostate cancer?
    • Prostate cancer biopsy results
    • The accuracy of the PSA test
    • What are the stages of prostate cancer?
    • What are the treatment options for prostate cancer?
    • Observation and active surveillance
    • Surgery
    • Radiation therapy
    • Focal therapy
    • Cryotherapy
    • Hormonal therapy
    • Chemotherapy
    • Immunotherapy/vaccine therapy
    • Bone-targeted therapy
    • Bisphosphonates
    • Monoclonal antibody therapy
    • Radiopharmaceuticals
    • Metastatic-castrate resistant prostate cancer
    • Research techniques
    • Complementary and alternative care approaches
    • What is the prognosis for prostate cancer?
    • Is it possible to prevent prostate cancer?
  • Hair Loss There are many causes of scalp hair loss. This featured article covers the common ones such as patchy hair loss (alopecia areata,...learn more »
    In This Article
    Hair Loss Article
    • Hair loss facts
    • What are causes and risk factors for hair loss?
    • What types of doctors treat hair loss?
    • How do physicians classify hair loss?
    • What is alopecia areata?
    • What is traction alopecia?
    • What is trichotillomania?
    • What is tinea capitis?
    • What is generalized (diffuse) hair loss?
    • What is telogen effluvium?
    • What is androgenetic or androgenic alopecia ("male-pattern baldness," "female-pattern baldness")?
    • What treatment is there for hair loss in men?
    • What other options do people have for hair loss?
    • Is hair loss in women different than men?
    • What about pregnancy hair loss?
    • What specific treatments are there for hair loss in women?
    • What vitamins are good for hair loss? Are there home remedies for hair loss?
    • Can itchy scalp cause hair loss?
    • What is the prognosis for hair loss?
    • How do people prevent hair loss?
  • Cervical Cancer Cervical cancer is cancer of the entrance to the womb (uterus). Regular pelvic exams and Pap testing can detect precancerous...learn more »
    In This Article
    Cervical Cancer Article
    • Cervical cancer facts
    • What is cervical cancer?
    • How do women get cervical cancer? What causes cervical cancer?
    • What are the symptoms and signs of cervical cancer?
    • What are the risk factors for cervical cancer?
    • What are cervical cancer screening guidelines?
    • What tests are used to diagnose cervical cancer?
    • What are the stages of cervical cancer?
    • What is the treatment for cervical cancer?
    • What are methods of treatment for cervical cancer?
    • Can cervical cancer be prevented? What is the cervical cancer vaccine?
    • What kind of support is available to women with cervical cancer?
    • What is the prognosis and survival rates for women with cervical cancer?
    • What research is being done on cervical cancer?
  • Tongue Problems There are a variety of diseases and conditions that can cause tongue problems, discoloration, and soreness. Though most tongue...learn more »
    In This Article
    Tongue Problems Article
    • Tongue facts
    • What are common tongue problems?
    • What causes tongue problems?
    • What are the risk factors for tongue problems?
    • White tongue
    • Red tongue
    • Black tongue
    • Increased size or tongue swelling
    • Growths on the tongue
    • Abnormalities of the tongue surface
    • Tongue pain
    • Altered sensation of the tongue
    • Taste problems
    • Problems with tongue movement
    • What are tongue problems in infants and children?
    • What are tongue problems in pregnancy?
    • What specialists treat tongue problems?
    • How do health-care professionals diagnose tongue problems?
    • Are there home remedies for tongue problems?
    • What are the treatments for tongue problems?
    • Is it possible to prevent tongue problems?
    • What is the prognosis for tongue problems?
  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS Symptoms, Causes, and Life Expectancy) Multiple sclerosis or MS is an autoimmune disorder in which brain and spinal cord nerve cells become demyelinated. This damage...learn more »
  • Esophageal Cancer Esophageal cancer is a disease in which malignant cells form in the esophagus. Risk factors of cancer of the esophagus include...learn more »
    In This Article
    Esophageal Cancer Article
    • Esophageal cancer facts
    • What is the esophagus?
    • What is esophageal cancer?
    • What are risk factors and causes of esophageal cancer?
    • What are the symptoms and signs of esophageal cancer?
    • How do health-care professionals diagnose esophageal cancer?
    • How do physicians determine esophageal cancer staging?
    • What are the stages of esophageal cancer?
    • What are the treatment for esophageal cancer?
    • What kinds of doctors treat esophageal cancer?
    • What are the statistics related to esophageal cancer?
    • What support is available for those with esophageal cancer?
    • What is the prognosis with esophageal cancer? What is the survival rate for esophageal cancer?
    • Is it possible to prevent esophageal cancer?
  • Testicular Cancer Testicular cancer symptoms include a painless lump or swelling in a testicle, testicle or scrotum pain, a dull ache in the...learn more »
    In This Article
    Testicular Cancer Article
    • Testicular cancer facts*
    • What is testicular cancer?
    • What are causes and risk factors of testicular cancer?
    • What are testicular cancer symptoms and signs?
    • What tests do health-care professionals use to diagnose testicular cancer?
    • How is testicular cancer staging determined?
    • What are the stages of testicular cancer?
    • What is recurrent testicular cancer?
    • What is the treatment for testicular cancer?
    • What are the five types of standard treatment for testicular cancer?
    • Are there clinical trials for patients with testicular cancer?
    • What follow-up is needed after treatment of testicular cancer?
    • What are testicular cancer treatment options by stage?
    • What is the treatment for recurrent testicular cancer?
    • What is the prognosis of testicular cancer?
  • Ovarian Cancer There are many types of ovarian cancer, epithelial carcinoma is the most common. Women with a family history of ovarian cancer...learn more »
    In This Article
    Ovarian Cancer Article
    • Ovarian cancer facts
    • What is ovarian cancer?
    • Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC)
    • Ovarian low malignant potential tumor (OLMPT; borderline tumor)
    • Germ cell ovarian cancers
    • Stromal ovarian cancers
    • What are ovarian cancer statistics?
    • What are ovarian cancer risk factors?
    • What are ovarian cancer symptoms and signs?
    • How is ovarian cancer diagnosed?
    • How is ovarian cancer staging determined?
    • What is the treatment for ovarian cancer?
    • What is the survival rate and prognosis of ovarian cancer?
    • Can ovarian cancer be prevented?
    • How does one cope with ovarian cancer?
  • Enlarged Spleen (Splenomegaly) An enlarged spleen or splenomegaly is generally caused by other diseases or conditions such as infections, cancers, blood...learn more »
    In This Article
    Enlarged Spleen (Splenomegaly) Article
    • Enlarged spleen (splenomegaly) facts
    • What is the spleen, and what does it do (function)?
    • What type of pain, and where is the pain located with an enlarged spleen?
    • What are other signs and symptoms of an enlarged spleen?
    • Where is the spleen, and what does it look like?
    • What are the causes of an enlarged spleen?
    • How is the diagnosis of an enlarged spleen made?
    • What is the treatment for an enlarged spleen?
    • What complications are associated with an enlarged spleen?
    • Can an enlarged spleen be prevented?
    • What is the prognosis for someone with an enlarged spleen?
  • Bone Cancer Bone cancer is a rare type of cancer that occurs in cells that make up the bones. Primary bone cancer that arises in bone cells...learn more »
    In This Article
    Bone Cancer Article
    • What is bone cancer? What is metastatic bone cancer?
    • What are risk factors for bone cancer?
    • What causes bone cancer?
    • What are bone cancer symptoms and signs?
    • What are the different types of bone cancer?
    • What kinds of bone cancer occur in children?
    • What tests are used to diagnose bone cancer?
    • What is the treatment for bone cancer?
    • What specialists treat bone cancer?
    • Are there any treatments or medications that relieve bone cancer pain?
    • What is the prognosis for bone cancer? What is the five-year survival rate for bone cancer?
    • Is it possible to prevent bone cancer?
  • Pancreatic Cancer Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor of the pancreas. Pancreatic cancer has been called a "silent" disease because early...learn more »
    In This Article
    Pancreatic Cancer Article
    • Pancreatic cancer facts
    • What does a pancreas do?
    • What is cancer?
    • What is pancreatic cancer and its types?
    • What are pancreatic cancer causes and risk factors?
    • What are pancreatic cancer symptoms and signs?
    • How is the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer made?
    • How is pancreatic cancer staged?
    • What is the treatment for resectable pancreatic cancer?
    • What is the treatment for locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer?
    • What is the treatment for metastatic pancreatic cancer?
    • What are the side effects of pancreatic cancer treatment?
    • What is the survival rate with pancreatic cancer?
    • What research is being done on pancreatic cancer?
    • Is complimentary or alternative medicine effective in pancreatic cancer treatment?
    • Is it possible to prevent pancreatic cancer?
    • Where can people get support when coping with pancreatic cancer?
    • Where can people find additional information about pancreatic cancer?
  • Thrombocytopenia (Low Platelet Count) Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) refers to a decreased number of platelets in the blood. Symptoms of thrombocytopenia...learn more »
    In This Article
    Thrombocytopenia (Low Platelet Count) Article
    • Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) definition and facts
    • What is thrombocytopenia (low platelet count)?
    • What are the symptoms of thrombocytopenia?
    • What causes thrombocytopenia?
    • Decreased platelet production
    • Increased platelet destruction or consumption
    • Splenic sequestration
    • When should I seek medical care for thrombocytopenia?
    • Which specialties of doctors treat thrombycytopenia (low platelet count)?
    • How is thrombocytopenia diagnosed?
    • What is the treatment for thrombocytopenia (low platelet count)?
    • What are the complications of thrombocytopenia?
    • Can thrombocytopenia be prevented?
    • What is the prognosis for a person with thrombocytopenia (low platelet count)?
  • Low Testosterone (Low T) Low testosterone (low-T) can be caused by conditions such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, liver or kidney disease, hormonal...learn more »
    In This Article
    Low Testosterone (Low T) Article
    • What is the definition of low testosterone (Low-T)?
    • What is low testosterone (Low-T)?
    • What causes low testosterone (Low-T)
    • What are low testosterone (Low-T) symptoms and signs?
    • How do you know if you have low testosterone (Low-T)?
    • What are the treatment options for low testosterone (Low-T)?
    • What natural remedies treat low testosterone (Low-T)?
    • What are the side effects of testosterone therapy?
    • Should I take testosterone?
  • Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is cancer of the lymphatic system, a vital part of the body's immune system. Symptoms and signs include...learn more »
    In This Article
    Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Article
    • Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) facts
    • What is non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • What is the difference between non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease (or Hodgkin's lymphoma)?
    • What causes non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • What are non-Hodgkin's lymphoma risk factors?
    • What are non-Hodgkin's lymphoma symptoms and signs?
    • What kind of doctors treat non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • How do physicians diagnose non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • What are the types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and how is non-Hodgkin's lymphoma staging determined?
    • What is the treatment for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • What is the prognosis and survival rate for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • Is it possible to prevent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • What is the latest research on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • Where can people find more information about non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
  • Amyloidosis Amyloidosis is a group of diseases resulting from abnormal deposition of certain proteins (amyloids) in various bodily areas. The...learn more »
    In This Article
    Amyloidosis Article
    • Amyloidosis facts
    • What is amyloidosis?
    • What causes amyloidosis?
    • What are risk factors for amyloidosis?
    • What are amyloidosis symptoms and signs?
    • What health care specialists treat amyloidosis?
    • What tests do doctors use to diagnose amyloidosis?
    • What is the treatment for amyloidosis?
    • What are complications of amyloidosis?
    • What is the prognosis of amyloidosis? What is the life expectancy for patients with amyloidosis?
    • Is it possible to prevent amyloidosis?
    • Where can people find more information on amyloidosis?
  • Melanoma Melanoma is a type of skin cancer which begins in skin cells called melanocytes and affects more than 53,600 people in the United...learn more »
    In This Article
    Melanoma Article
    • Melanoma facts
    • What is melanoma?
    • What does melanoma look like? What are melanoma symptoms and signs?
    • What if the skin changes are rapid or dramatic?
    • What are the causes and risk factors for melanoma?
    • How can people estimate their level of risk for melanoma?
    • What are the types of melanoma?
    • What tests do health-care professionals use to diagnose melanoma?
    • What is the treatment for melanoma?
    • How do doctors determine the staging and prognosis (outlook) of a melanoma?
    • What is recurrent melanoma?
    • What is metastatic melanoma?
    • What are the signs of symptoms of metastatic melanoma?
    • What are the treatments for metastatic melanoma?
    • What are the survival rates for metastatic melanoma?
    • What methods are available to help prevent melanoma?
    • What research is being done on melanoma?
    • Where can people get more information about melanoma?
  • Cancer Cancer is a disease caused by an abnormal growth of cells, also called malignancy. It is a group of 100 different diseases, and...learn more »
    In This Article
    Cancer Article
    • Cancer facts
    • What is cancer?
    • What are risk factors and causes of cancer?
    • What are cancer symptoms and signs?
    • What are the different types of cancer?
    • What specialists treat cancer?
    • How do health-care professionals diagnose cancer?
    • How do physicians determine cancer staging?
    • What is the treatment for cancer?
    • Are there home remedies or alternative treatments for cancer?
    • What is the prognosis for cancer?
    • Is it possible to prevent cancer?
    • Where can people find more information about cancer?
  • Breast Cancer Breast cancer is an invasive tumor that develops in the mammary gland. Breast cancer is detected via mammograms, breast...learn more »
  • Dry Mouth (Xerostomia) Dry mouth is a common side effect of many prescription and non-prescription drugs and certain medical conditions. Symptoms of dry...learn more »
    In This Article
    Dry Mouth (Xerostomia) Article
    • What is dry mouth?
    • How common is dry mouth?
    • What are the benefits of saliva?
    • What causes dry mouth?
    • What are the signs and symptoms of dry mouth?
    • How do health care professionals diagnose dry mouth?
    • What is the treatment for dry mouth?
    • Is it possible to prevent dry mouth?
    • What is the prognosis of dry mouth?
  • Thyroid Cancer There are four major types of thyroid cancer: papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic thyroid cancer. Tumors on the...learn more »
    In This Article
    Thyroid Cancer Article
    • Thyroid cancer facts*
    • What is the thyroid?
    • What is thyroid cancer?
    • What causes thyroid cancer?
    • What are the risk factors for thyroid cancer?
    • What are the symptoms and signs of thyroid cancer?
    • What are thyroid nodules?
    • What are the different types of thyroid cancer?
    • How do health care professionals diagnose thyroid cancer?
    • How is thyroid cancer staging determined?
    • What kinds of health care specialists treat thyroid cancer?
    • What is the medical treatment for thyroid cancer?
    • Surgery
    • Thyroid hormone
    • Radioactive iodine (radioiodine)
    • Radiation
    • Chemotherapy
    • What kind of support is available for those with thyroid cancer?
    • What is the prognosis for patients with thyroid cancer? What is the survival rate for patients with thyroid cancer?
    • What is the likelihood of thyroid cancer recurrence?
    • Is it possible to prevent thyroid cancer?
    • What is the latest research on thyroid cancer?
  • Anal Cancer Anal cancer, cancer located at the end of the large intestine, has symptoms that include anal or rectal bleeding, anal pain or...learn more »
    In This Article
    Anal Cancer Article
    • Anal cancer facts*
    • Anal anatomy
    • What is anal cancer?
    • What are the different types of anal cancer?
    • What are other types of anal masses or growths?
    • What are anal cancer statistics?
    • What causes anal cancer?
    • What are the risk factors for anal cancer?
    • What are the symptoms and signs of anal cancer?
    • What's involved with anal cancer screening (early detection)?
    • How do health care professionals make a diagnosis of anal cancer?
    • How do health care professionals determine anal cancer staging?
    • What types of health care professionals diagnose and treat anal cancer?
    • What is the medical treatment for anal cancer?
    • Surgery for anal cancer
    • Radiation therapy for anal cancer
    • Combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy for anal cancer
    • What are treatment options for stage IV anal cancer or metastasis?
    • Is it possible to prevent anal cancer?
    • What is the prognosis for anal cancer?
    • Where can one find information about clinical trials or research for anal cancer?
  • Bladder Cancer Treatment for bladder cancer depends on the stage of the disease, the grade of the tumor, and the type of bladder cancer. Options...learn more »
    In This Article
    Bladder Cancer Article
    • Bladder cancer facts
    • What is the bladder?
    • What are the layers of the bladder?
    • What is bladder cancer?
    • What is the burden of bladder cancer in the U.S.?
    • What are the types of bladder cancer?
    • What are bladder cancer causes and risk factors?
    • What are bladder cancer symptoms and signs?
    • How is bladder cancer diagnosed?
    • How is bladder cancer staging determined?
    • What is bladder cancer grading?
    • What is transurethral surgery (TURBT) for bladder cancer?
    • What is the treatment for superficial bladder cancer?
    • What is surveillance for bladder cancer?
    • What is the treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer?
    • What is chemotherapy for bladder cancer?
    • What is the prognosis for bladder cancer?
    • Can bladder cancer be prevented?
    • Where can people find more information on bladder cancer?
    • What research is being done on bladder cancer?
  • Brain Cancer Cancers that form from brain tissue are called primary brain tumors. Brain tumors may be malignant (brain cancer) or benign....learn more »
    In This Article
    Brain Cancer Article
    • Brain cancer facts
    • What is brain cancer?
    • What are grades of brain cancers?
    • What are the types of brain cancers?
    • What is brain cancer staging?
    • What is metastatic brain cancer?
    • What causes brain cancer?
    • Do cell phones cause brain cancer?
    • What are brain cancer symptoms and signs?
    • What type of doctors treat brain cancer?
    • What tests do doctors use to diagnose brain cancer?
    • What is the treatment for brain cancer?
    • Are there any home remedies for brain cancer?
    • What are the side effects of brain cancer treatment?
    • What is the prognosis of treated brain cancer?
    • What can I do to help my family (and me) cope with my diagnosis of brain cancer?
    • Is it possible to prevent brain cancer?
    • Where can I get more information about my type of brain cancer?
  • Larynx Cancer (Throat Cancer) Symptoms of cancer of the larynx, the organ at the front of the neck, include hoarseness, a lump in the neck, sore throat, cough,...learn more »
    In This Article
    Larynx Cancer (Throat Cancer) Article
    • Throat cancer (larynx cancer) facts*
    • What is throat (larynx) cancer?
    • What causes throat cancer?
    • What are the risk factors for throat cancer?
    • What are the types of larynx (throat) cancer?
    • What are the symptoms and signs of throat cancer?
    • How do health-care professionals diagnose throat cancer?
    • How is throat cancer staging determined?
    • What kinds of specialists treat throat cancer?
    • What is the treatment for throat cancer?
    • Are there home remedies for throat (larynx) cancer?
    • What kind of support is available for those with throat cancer?
    • What is the prognosis for patients with throat cancer?
    • Is it possible to prevent throat cancer?
  • Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma) Bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma) is a rare type of cancer that arises from cells that line the drainage system from the...learn more »
    In This Article
    Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma) Article
    • What is bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma)? What are causes and risk factors for bile duct cancer?
    • What are bile duct cancer symptoms and signs?
    • How do physicians diagnose bile duct cancer?
    • What is the treatment for bile duct cancer?
    • What are the complications of bile duct cancer?
    • What is the prognosis for bile duct cancer? What is the life expectancy for bile duct cancer?
    • Is it possible to prevent bile duct cancer?
    • What are the statistics for bile duct cancer?
  • Keratitis Keratitis is inflammation of the cornea. Symptoms and signs include pain, tearing, blurred vision, eye redness, watery eyes, or...learn more »
    In This Article
    Keratitis Article
    • Keratitis facts
    • What is keratitis?
    • What are the causes of keratitis?
    • What are the risk factors for keratitis?
    • What are the different types of keratitis?
    • What are keratitis symptoms and signs?
    • What types of doctors treat keratitis?
    • How do health-care professionals diagnose keratitis?
    • What is the treatment for keratitis?
    • What are the possible complications of keratitis?
    • What is the prognosis of keratitis?
    • Is it possible to prevent keratitis?
  • Kidney Cancer There are several types of kidney cancer, including renal cell cancer (renal adenocarcinoma or hypernephroma), transitional cell...learn more »
    In This Article
    Kidney Cancer Article
    • Kidney cancer facts*
    • What are the kidneys?
    • What is cancer?
    • What are kidney cancer causes and risk factors?
    • What are kidney cancer symptoms and signs?
    • How is kidney cancer diagnosed?
    • How is kidney cancer staging determined?
    • What are kidney cancer treatments?
    • Targeted Therapy
    • Biological Therapy
    • Second Opinion
    • Nutrition
    • Follow-up Care
    • Sources of Support
    • Taking Part in Cancer Research
  • Neutropenia Neutropenia is a marked decrease in the number of neutrophils, neutrophils being a type of white blood cell (specifically a form...learn more »
    In This Article
    Neutropenia Article
    • Neutropenia facts
    • What is neutropenia?
    • How is neutropenia defined?
    • What are the clinical consequences of neutropenia?
    • What causes neutropenia?
    • How is neutropenia diagnosed?
    • How is neutropenia treated?
  • Head and Neck Cancer Head and neck cancer is cancer of the oral cavity, salivary glands, paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, or lymph...learn more »
    In This Article
    Head and Neck Cancer Article
    • Head and neck cancer facts*
    • What is cancer?
    • What kinds of cancers are considered cancers of the head and neck?
    • How common are head and neck cancers?
    • What causes head and neck cancers?
    • What are common symptoms of head and neck cancers?
    • How are head and neck cancers diagnosed?
    • What health professionals treat patients with head and neck cancers?
    • How are head and neck cancers treated?
    • Are clinical trials (research studies) available for patients with head and neck cancers?
    • What rehabilitation or support options are available for patients with head and neck cancers?
    • Is follow-up treatment necessary? What does it involve?
    • What can people who have had head and neck cancer do to reduce the risk of developing a second primary (new) cancer?
  • Salivary Gland Cancer Salivary gland cancer is cancer that affects the parotid glands, sublingual glands, or the submandibular glands. Risk factors...learn more »
    In This Article
    Salivary Gland Cancer Article
    • Salivary gland cancer facts
    • What is salivary gland cancer?
    • What are causes and risk factors of salivary gland cancer?
    • What are symptoms and signs of salivary gland cancer?
    • What exams and tests are used to detect and diagnose salivary gland cancer?
    • What is the prognosis for salivary gland cancer?
    • What tests are done to determine if salivary gland cancer has spread?
    • How does salivary gland cancer spread in the body?
    • What are the stages for salivary gland cancer?
    • What is the treatment for salivary gland cancer?
    • How does staging affect treatment options?
  • Gum Problems Gum problems may be caused by improper brushing and flossing, gum disease, canker sores, treatments and hormonal changes....learn more »
    In This Article
    Gum Problems Article
    • Gum health introduction
    • What are common gum problems?
    • What causes gum problems?
    • What are the risk factors for gum problems?
    • What are signs and symptoms of gum problems?
    • How are gum problems diagnosed?
    • Can gum problems be a sign of something serious?
    • What is the treatment for gum problems? What are home remedies for gum problems?
    • What are the complications with gum problems?
    • What is the prognosis for gum problems?
    • What is the best way to care for your gums?
    • Is it possible to prevent gum problems?
  • Pheochromocytoma Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of the adrenal gland. Pheochromocytomas are quite rare and the vast majority of them are entirely...learn more »
    In This Article
    Pheochromocytoma Article
    • Pheochromocytoma facts
    • What is a pheochromocytoma?
    • What are the symptoms of a pheochromocytoma?
    • What conditions are associated with pheochromocytomas?
    • What else can cause the symptoms of a pheochromocytoma?
    • How is pheochromocytoma diagnosed?
    • How is a pheochromocytoma treated?
    • What is the prognosis with a pheochromocytoma?
  • Oral Cancer The term oral cancer includes cancer of the mouth (oral cavity) and the back of the mouth (oropharynx). Red and white patches...learn more »
    In This Article
    Oral Cancer Article
    • Oral cancer facts*
    • What is the oral cavity?
    • What is cancer?
    • Who's at risk for oral cancer?
    • What are the symptoms of oral cancer?
    • How is oral cancer diagnosed?
    • How is oral cancer treated?
    • Methods of treatment
    • What are the side effects of treatment for oral cancer?
    • What is rehabilitation for oral cancer?
    • What happens after treatment for oral cancer?
    • What does the future hold for patients with oral cancer?
    • What resources are available to patients with oral cancer?
  • Penis Cancer Signs and symptoms of penile cancer include a lump on the penis and redness, irritation, or a sore on the penis. Risk of penis...learn more »
    In This Article
    Penis Cancer Article
    • Penis cancer facts*
    • What is penile cancer?
    • What are causes and risk factors of penile cancer?
    • What are signs and symptoms of penis cancer?
    • What tests to health-care professionals use to diagnose penis cancer?
    • What factors affect the prognosis and treatment of penile cancer?
    • What are the stages of penile cancer?
    • What are the treatment options for patients with penile cancer?
    • What penis cancer treatments are being tested in clinical trials?
    • What are penile cnacer treatment options by stage?
    • What are treatment options for recurrent penile cancer?
  • Premature Menopause (Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments) Premature menopause is when menopause occurs in a woman before the age of 40. Causes of premature menopause include premature...learn more »
    In This Article
    Premature Menopause (Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments) Article
    • Premature (early) menopause definition and facts
    • What is premature menopause?
    • What causes early menopause?
    • Risk factors for early menopause
    • Signs and symptoms of early menopause
    • How is early menopause is diagnosed?
    • Treatments to relieve signs and symptoms
    • What are complications of premature menopause?
    • What is the outlook for a woman in early menopause?
  • Bowel Incontinence Bowel or fecal incontinence refers to the loss of voluntary control of stool, or bowel movements. The condition can include...learn more »
    In This Article
    Bowel Incontinence Article
    • Bowel incontinence (fecal incontinence) definition
    • What causes bowel incontinence?
    • What are the symptoms of bowel incontinence?
    • How is bowel incontinence diagnosed?
    • What is the treatment for bowel incontinence?
    • What about bowel incontinence in children?
    • Can bowel incontinence be prevented?
    • What is the prognosis for bowel incontinence?
  • Stomach Cancer Though the cause of stomach cancer is unknown, risk factors for stomach cancer include diet, H. pylori infection, smoking age,...learn more »
    In This Article
    Stomach Cancer Article
    • Stomach cancer facts*
    • What is the stomach?
    • What is cancer, and how does stomach cancer spread?
    • What are risk factors and causes of stomach cancer?
    • What are symptoms of stomach cancer?
    • How is stomach cancer diagnosed?
    • How is staging determined?
    • What is the treatment for stomach cancer?
    • Surgery
    • Chemotherapy
    • Radiation therapy
    • How do I go about getting a second opinion?
    • What are some of the nutritional concerns of stomach cancer patients?
    • What are treatment options for cancer that blocks the digestive tract?
    • What follow-up care is necessary for stomach cancer patients? What about complementary and alternative medicine?
    • What support is there for cancer patients?
    • How can I take part in clinical trials for stomach cancer?
  • Vaginal Cancer Vaginal cancer is fairly uncommon. There are two types of vaginal cancer: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Risk...learn more »
    In This Article
    Vaginal Cancer Article
    • Vaginal cancer facts*
    • What is vaginal cancer?
    • What are causes and risk factors for vaginal cancer?
    • What are symptoms and signs of vaginal cancer?
    • What tests are used to diagnose vaginal cancer?
    • What is the prognosis for vaginal cancer?
    • How is staging determined for vaginal cancer?
    • What is the treatment for vaginal cancer?
    • Treatment options by stage
    • Treatment options for recurrent vaginal cancer
    • Where can I find more information about vaginal cancer?
  • Hodgkin's Disease Hodgkin's disease is a cancer of the lymphatic system with symptoms that include unexplained, recurring fevers, unexplained...learn more »
    In This Article
    Hodgkin's Disease Article
    • Hodgkin's lymphoma facts*
    • What is the lymph system?
    • What is Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • What are the types of Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • How is the staging determined for Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • What are the stages of Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • What is the treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • Who are the doctor's who treat Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • How do people get a second opinion for Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • Clinical trials for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma
    • Chemotherapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma
    • Targeted therapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma
    • Radiation therapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma
    • Stem cell transplantation for Hodgkin's lymphoma
    • Nutrition during cancer treatment
    • What is the follow-up care after treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma?
    • What other support is available for cancer patients?
  • Cushing's Syndrome Cushing's syndrome, sometimes referred to as hypercortisolism, is a hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure to high levels...learn more »
    In This Article
    Cushing's Syndrome Article
    • Cushing's syndrome facts*
    • What is Cushing's syndrome?
    • What are the symptoms of Cushing's syndrome?
    • What causes Cushing's syndrome?
    • How is Cushing's syndrome diagnosed?
    • How is Cushing's syndrome treated?
    • What research is being done on Cushing's syndrome?
    • For more information
  • Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Differences and Similarities Both Hodgkin's disease (sometimes referred to as Hodgkin's lymphoma) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are cancers that originate in a...learn more »
    In This Article
    Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Differences and Similarities Article
    • What are Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)?
    • How are Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) different?
    • What are the statistics on Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)?
    • What are the risk factors for Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)?
    • What are the signs and symptoms of Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)?
    • What are the treatments for Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)?
    • What are the prognoses for Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)?
  • Neuropathic Pain Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition that leads to ongoing pain symptoms. Patients can be predisposed to developing...learn more »
    In This Article
    Neuropathic Pain Article
    • What is neuropathic pain?
    • What are the risk factors for neuropathic pain?
    • What causes neuropathic pain?
    • What are the signs and symptoms of neuropathic pain?
    • How is neuropathic pain diagnosed?
    • What is the treatment for neuropathic pain?
    • What is the prognosis for neuropathic pain?
    • Can neuropathic pain be prevented?
  • Urethral Cancer Urethral cancer is a rare form of cancer that primarily affects white females, people over 60 years of age, and those who have...learn more »
    In This Article
    Urethral Cancer Article
    • Urethral cancer facts*
    • What is urethral cancer?
    • What are risk factors for urethral cancer?
    • What are symptoms and signs of urethral cancer?
    • How is urethral cancer diagnosed?
    • What is the prognosis for urethral cancer?
    • How is staging of urethral cancer determined?
    • What are the treatment options for urethral cancer?
    • What is the treatment for anterior urethral cancer?
    • What is the treatment for posterior urethral cancer?
    • What is the treatment for recurrent urethral cancer?
    • Where can people find more information about urethral cancer?
  • Inflammatory Breast Cancer Inflammatory breast cancer is an accelerated form of breast cancer that is not usually detected by mammogram or ultrasound....learn more »
    In This Article
    Inflammatory Breast Cancer Article
    • Inflammatory breast cancer facts
    • What is inflammatory breast cancer?
    • What are the causes and risk factors for inflammatory breast cancer?
    • How is inflammatory breast cancer different from other breast cancers?
    • What are the signs and symptoms of inflammatory breast cancer?
    • What types of doctors treat inflammatory breast cancer?
    • What tests and exams do health-care professionals use to diagnose inflammatory breast cancer?
    • What are the stages of inflammatory breast cancer?
    • Are there home remedies for inflammatory breast cancer?
    • What is the treatment for inflammatory breast cancer?
    • What are the survival rates and prognosis for inflammatory breast cancer?
    • Is it possible to prevent inflammatory breast cancer?
  • Thymoma Thymoma is an uncommon cancer of the thymus gland. Many thymomas are asymptomatic. When symptoms do occur, they include chest...learn more »
    In This Article
    Thymoma Article
    • Thymoma facts
    • What is thymoma?
    • What causes thymoma, and what are risk factors for thymoma?
    • What are signs and symptoms of thymoma?
    • What other types of medical conditions are associated with thymoma?
    • What types of specialists treat thymomas?
    • How do health care professionals diagnose a thymoma?
    • What are the stages of thymoma?
    • What are types of treatment options for thymoma?
    • What is the prognosis for thymoma?
    • Is it possible to prevent a thymoma?
  • Growth Plate Fractures and Injuries Growth plate fractures and injuries occur in the area growing tissue near the end of the long bones of children and teens. Both...learn more »
    In This Article
    Growth Plate Fractures and Injuries Article
    • What Is the Growth Plate?
    • Who Gets Growth Plate Injuries?
    • What Causes Growth Plate Injuries?
    • How Are Growth Plate Fractures Diagnosed?
    • What Kind of Doctor Treats Growth Plate Injuries?
    • How Are Growth Plate Injuries Treated?
    • What Is the Prognosis for Growth in the Involved Limb of a Child With a Growth Plate Injury?
    • What Are Researchers Trying To Learn About Growth Plate Injuries?
    • Where Can People Find More Information About Growth Plate Injuries?
  • Paget Disease of the Breast Paget's disease is a rare form of cancer that forms in or around the nipple and frequently coexists with breast cancer. The exact...learn more »
    In This Article
    Paget Disease of the Breast Article
    • Paget disease of the breast facts*
    • Paget disease of the breast key points
    • What is Paget disease of the breast?
    • Who gets Paget disease of the breast?
    • What causes Paget disease of the breast?
    • What are the symptoms of Paget disease of the breast?
    • How is Paget disease of the breast diagnosed?
    • How is Paget disease of the breast treated?
    • What is the prognosis for people with Paget disease of the breast?
    • What research studies are under way on Paget disease of the breast?
  • Narcolepsy Causes of narcolepsy, a chronic disease of the central nervous system, have not been fully determined. Some theories include...learn more »
    In This Article
    Narcolepsy Article
    • Narcolepsy facts
    • What is narcolepsy?
    • How common is narcolepsy?
    • What causes narcolepsy?
    • What are the symptoms of narcolepsy?
    • Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS)
    • Cataplexy
    • Hypnagogic hallucinations
    • Sleep paralysis
    • Additional narcolepsy symptoms
    • How is narcolepsy diagnosed?
    • What is the treatment for narcolepsy?
    • What specialists treat narcolepsy?
    • What medications treat narcolepsy?
    • Non-drug treatments
    • What is the outcome (prognosis) for patients with narcolepsy?
    • What's in the future for narcolepsy?
    • For more information on narcolepsy
  • Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a diseases in which blood clots within the capillaries. Causes associated with HUS...learn more »
    In This Article
    Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Article
    • Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) facts
    • What is a "syndrome?"
    • What is hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)?
    • What causes hemolytic uremic syndrome?
    • What are the signs and symptoms of hemolytic uremic syndrome?
    • How is hemolytic uremic syndrome diagnosed?
    • What is the treatment for hemolytic uremic syndrome?
    • What is the prognosis of hemolytic uremic syndrome?
    • How can hemolytic uremic syndrome be prevented?
  • Gallbladder Cancer Gallbladder cancer is a rare form of cancer with symptoms that include jaundice, abdominal pain, fever, nausea and vomiting,...learn more »
    In This Article
    Gallbladder Cancer Article
    • Gallbladder cancer facts*
    • What is gallbladder cancer?
    • What are risk factors for gallbladder cancer?
    • What are symptoms and signs of gallbladder cancer?
    • What exams and tests are used to diagnose gallbladder cancer?
    • What factors affects the prognosis for gallbladder cancer?
    • How is the staging of gallbladder cancer determined?
    • What is the treatment for gallbladder cancer?
    • Where can people get more information about gallbladder cancer?
  • Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Superior vena cava syndrome is compression of the superior vena cava vein located in the upper chest. Causes of superior vena...learn more »
    In This Article
    Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Article
    • Superior vena cava syndrome facts
    • What is superior vena cava syndrome?
    • What causes superior vena cava syndrome?
    • What are the symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome?
    • How is superior vena cava syndrome diagnosed?
    • How is superior vena cava syndrome treated?
    • What is the prognosis for superior vena cava syndrome?
  • Neuroblastoma Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer that usually afflicts children under 5 years of age. The cancer forms in the adrenal glands,...learn more »
    In This Article
    Neuroblastoma Article
    • Neuroblastoma facts*
    • What is neuroblastoma?
    • What are symptoms and signs of neuroblastoma?
    • What tests are used in the detection and diagnosis of neuroblastoma?
    • What is the prognosis for neuroblastoma?
    • What are the stages of neuroblastoma?
    • What is the treatment for neuroblastoma?
    • What are treatment options for neuroblastoma?
  • Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors in Adults (Symptoms, Signs, Causes, Treatment Options, Life Expectancy) Brain and spinal tumor are diseases in which cancer (malignant) cells begin to grow in the tissues of the brain. Tumors that...learn more »
    In This Article
    Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors in Adults (Symptoms, Signs, Causes, Treatment Options, Life Expectancy) Article
    • Brain and spinal cord tumor in adults definition and facts*
    • What functions do the different parts of the brain control?
    • What is brain tumor? What is a spinal cord tumor?
    • Signs and symptoms of brain and spinal cord tumors in adults
    • Metastatic brain and spinal cord tumors in adults
    • WHO Tumor Grading System
    • Genetic syndromes and risks
    • Types of brain tumors in adults
    • How are brain and spinal cord tumors diagnosed?
    • Brain and spinal cord biopsy
    • What are the treatment options for brain and spinal cord tumors in adults?
    • New types of clinical trial treatments for brain and spinal cord tumors in adults
    • Follow-up tests
    • Where can a patient get more information about adult brain tumors?
  • Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POF, Premature Ovarian Failure, POI) Primary ovarian iInsufficiency (POF, Premature Ovarian Failure, POI) is the cessation of normal functioning of the ovaries in...learn more »
    In This Article
    Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POF, Premature Ovarian Failure, POI) Article
    • What is primary ovarian insufficiency (POI)?
    • What are the symptoms of primary ovarian insufficiency?
    • How many women are affected by or at risk for primary ovarian insufficiency?
    • What causes primary ovarian insufficiency?
    • How is primary ovarian insufficiency diagnosed?
    • Are there associated disorders or conditions associated with primary ovarian insufficiency?
    • What are the treatments for primary ovarian insufficiency?
    • Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
    • Calcium and vitamin D supplements
    • Regular physical activity and healthy body weight
    • Treatments for associated conditions
    • Emotional support
    • POI in teens
  • Nasopharyngeal Cancer Nasopharyngeal cancer is a form of cancer in which malignant cells form in the nasopharynx tissues. Risk factors include being of...learn more »
    In This Article
    Nasopharyngeal Cancer Article
    • Nasopharyngeal cancer facts
    • What is nasopharyngeal cancer?
    • What are risk factors for nasopharyngeal cancer?
    • What are nasopharyngeal cancer symptoms and signs?
    • What tests do health care professionals use to diagnose nasopharyngeal cancer?
    • What is staging?
    • How does cancer spread throughout the body?
    • What is metastasis?
    • What are the stages of nasopharyngeal cancer?
    • What is the treatment for nasopharyngeal cancer?
    • What are treatment options by stage?
    • What are treatment options for recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer?
    • What is the prognosis for nasopharyngeal cancer?
  • Cancer Risk Factors Though it's difficult to say why some people develop cancer while others don't, research shows that certain risk factors increase...learn more »
    In This Article
    Cancer Risk Factors Article
    • Cancer risk factor facts*
    • What are cancer risk factors?
    • Growing older
    • Tobacco
    • Sunlight
    • Ionizing radiation
    • Certain chemicals and other substances
    • Some viruses and bacteria
    • Certain hormones
    • Family history of cancer
    • Alcohol
    • Poor diet, lack of physical activity, or being overweight
  • Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is not known what causes MCL. MCL signs and symptoms...learn more »
    In This Article
    Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) Article
    • Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) facts
    • What is mantle cell lymphoma (MCL)?
    • What causes mantle cell lymphoma?
    • What are risk factors for mantle cell lymphoma?
    • What are signs and symptoms of mantle cell lymphoma?
    • What types of health care professionals diagnose and treat mantle cell lymphoma?
    • What tests do health care professionals use to diagnose mantle cell lymphoma?
    • What are the stages of mantle cell lymphoma?
    • What is the treatment for mantle cell lymphoma?
    • What are complications of mantle cell lymphoma?
    • What is the prognosis of mantle cell lymphoma?
    • Is it possible to prevent mantle cell lymphoma?
    • Are there clinical trials for mantle cell lymphoma?
  • Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common type of cancer in children. Symptoms and signs include fever, easy...learn more »
    In This Article
    Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Article
    • Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many immature lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell).
    • Family history and exposure to radiation may affect the risk of developing childhood ALL.
    • Possible signs of childhood ALL include fever and bruising.
    • Tests that examine the blood and bone marrow are used to detect (find) and diagnose childhood ALL.
    • Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.
    • In childhood ALL, risk groups are used instead of stages.
    • What is recurrent childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)?
    • There are different types of treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
    • New types of treatment are being tested in clinical trials.
    • What is the treatment for recurrent childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)?
  • Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a form of cancer that forms in the chest lining (pleural mesothelioma), abdomen (peritoneal mesothelioma), and...learn more »
    In This Article
    Mesothelioma Article
    • Mesothelioma facts
    • What is mesothelioma?
    • What are the symptoms of mesothelioma?
    • What causes mesothelioma?
    • How much asbestos exposure does it take to get mesothelioma?
    • How long does it take after asbestos exposure for mesothelioma to show up?
    • How is mesothelioma diagnosed?
    • What is the prognosis for mesothelioma?
    • What is the treatment for mesothelioma?
    • Is there any promising research or are there promising drugs for mesothelioma?
    • What other kinds of information is available for people with mesothelioma?
  • Biorhythms Biologic rhythms, or biorhythms, are how our bodies respond to the regular phases of the sun, moon, and seasons. A medical...learn more »
    In This Article
    Biorhythms Article
    • What are biologic rhythms?
    • How does the "body clock" affect symptoms of illness?
    • Angina
    • Heart attack
    • High blood pressure (hypertension)
    • Hay fever (allergic rhinitis)
    • Asthma
    • Can the "body clock"  affect diagnostic testing?
    • Can drug therapy be matched to the "body clock?"
  • Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer vs Small Cell Lung Cancer Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) consist of large cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas. Small cell...learn more »
    In This Article
    Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer vs Small Cell Lung Cancer Article
    • What is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)?
    • What is small cell lung cancer (SCLC)?
    • NSCLC vs. SCLC similarities and differences
    • What are causes and risk factors for non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer?
    • Is it possible to have non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer at the same time?
    • What are the signs and symptoms of non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer?
    • What tests do health care professionals use to diagnose non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer?
    • What are the stages of non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer?
    • What are treatments and medications for non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer?
    • What is the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer?
    • Is it possible to prevent non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer?
  • Cancer Fatigue Cancer fatigue is a lack of energy that is caused by cancer or cancer treatment, including chemotherapy, radiation, biological...learn more »
    In This Article
    Cancer Fatigue Article
    • Introduction to cancer fatigue
    • What causes cancer-related fatigue?
    • What other factors contribute to fatigue?
    • What can I do to combat fatigue?
    • How does nutrition impact energy level?
    • How does exercise impact energy level?
    • How can I manage my stress?
    • When should I call my doctor?
  • Castleman Disease Castleman Disease is a group of related conditions. It is a rare disease with an unknown prevalence. Signs and symptoms of...learn more »
    In This Article
    Castleman Disease Article
    • Castleman disease definition and facts
    • What is Castleman disease?
    • What are the signs and symptoms of Castleman disease?
    • What causes Castleman disease?
    • Is Castleman disease inherited (genetic)?
    • What are the types of Castleman disease?
    • What are the stages of Castleman disease?
    • What is the prevalence of Castleman disease?
    • Is there a test to diagnose Castleman disease?
    • What is the treatment for Castleman disease?
    • What medications treat Castleman disease?
    • Is there surgery to treat Castleman disease?
    • Which specialties of health-care professionals treat Castleman disease?
    • What questions should I ask the doctor about Castleman disease?
    • What is the life expectancy and prognosis for a person with Castleman disease?
  • Medical Marijuana (Medical Cannabis) Medical marijuana (medical cannabis) is a medicine that is plant based. There are two species of medical marijuana; 1) Cannabis...learn more »
    In This Article
    Medical Marijuana (Medical Cannabis) Article
    • Medical marijuana facts
    • What is medical marijuana or medical cannabis?
    • What are THC and CBD?
    • What are the uses for medical marijuana?
    • What are the health benefits of medical marijuana?
    • Are there any side effects of medical marijuana?
    • Is medical marijuana legal?
    • How do you get medical marijuana?
    • Is medical marijuana "addictive?"
    • What research is being done for medical marijuana?
  • Pregnancy and Drugs (Prescription and OTC) Taking prescription medications or over-the-counter drugs or supplements should be discussed with your doctor. There are some...learn more »
    In This Article
    Pregnancy and Drugs (Prescription and OTC) Article
    • Is it safe to use medicine while I am pregnant?
    • How should I decide whether to use a medicine while I am pregnant?
    • Where do doctors and nurses find out about using medicines during pregnancy?
    • How do prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medicine labels help my doctor choose the right medicine for me when I am pregnant?
    • What if I'm thinking about getting pregnant?
    • Is it safe to use medicine while I am trying to become pregnant?
    • What if I get sick and need to use medicine while I am pregnant?
    • I have a health problem. Should I stop using my medicine while I am pregnant?
    • Are vitamins safe for me while I am pregnant?
    • Are herbal remedies or natural products safe for me when I am pregnant?
    • In the future, will there be better ways to know if medicines are safe to use during pregnancy?
    • For more information
  • Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors) There are many types of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs): gastrinoma, insulinoma, glucagonoma, VIPomas, and...learn more »
    In This Article
    Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors) Article
    • Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs or islet cell tumors) facts*
    • What are pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs)?
    • What are the different types of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?
    • What are risk factors for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?
    • What are signs and symptoms of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?
    • What tests do doctors use to diagnose pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?
    • What tests assess the specific type of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor?
    • What factors affect the treatment options and prognosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?
    • How do doctors determine the staging of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor?
    • How does cancer spread in the body?
    • What is metastasis?
    • What are recurrent pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?
    • What are the treatment options for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?
    • Are there clinical trials for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?
    • What are treatments for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?
    • What are treatment options for recurrent or progressive pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (islet cell tumors)?
  • Pain Management: Neuropathic Pain Neuropathic pain is chronic pain resulting from injury to the nervous system. The injury can be to the central nervous system...learn more »
    In This Article
    Pain Management: Neuropathic Pain Article
    • Introduction to neuropathic pain
    • What causes neuropathic pain?
    • What are the symptoms of neuropathic pain?
    • How is neuropathic pain diagnosed?
    • How is neuropathic pain treated?