Barrier Methods of Birth Control (cont.)
Female condom
The female condom is not well known in the United States. It is
essentially a vaginal pouch made of soft polyurethane (a type of plastic) with
two rings at either end. One end of the pouch is open. The other end is closed.
A woman inserts the closed end high up in her vagina over her cervix. The open
end remains on the outside of her vagina. The vagina is now lined with the
condom. When a woman has intercourse, the man inserts his penis into the open
end of the woman's condom. Once intercourse is over and the man withdraws his
penis, the condom containing the ejaculated sperm can now be removed and thrown
away.
The female condom can be put in up to 8 hours before intercourse. A woman may
need some practice before she can easily insert and position the condom within
her vagina. The sides of the internal ring can be folded together and inserted
into the vagina much like a diaphragm. The female condom is thinner than the
male condom and is resistant to degradation by oil-based lubricants.
A female condom should never be used when the man is also wearing a condom.
The two condoms can stick together and tear, resulting in no protection at all.
The female condom was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
in 1993. Its estimated effectiveness is 79% (21 pregnancies/100 women per year)
as compared to 87%-90% for the male condom.
Objections that have been made to the female condom include irritation and
allergic reactions to the polyurethane. Other concerns are that the female
condom is cumbersome, difficult to insert, may not remain in place, and is
unattractive. It may also produce unpleasant noises if there is not enough
lubrication. For this reason, most female condoms are now generously
pre-lubricated with silicone and packets of additional lubrication are included.
The female condom can be purchased over-the counter (OTC) without a
prescription, but it may cost more than a male condom. Package
instructions currently advise single use but studies are underway to determine
if the female condom can be safely washed and reused up to five times.
The main disadvantage of the female condom is that it is not as effective as
the male latex condom in preventing pregnancy.
Next: Contraceptive sponge »
- Natural Methods of Birth Control - Natural methods of birth control are non-mechanical and non-hormonal. They are also considered fertility awareness methods and there are a variety of choices for natural birth control.
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Women (STDs) - Learn and become aware of common STDs in women, including descriptions, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments of each type of infection.
- Hormonal Methods of Birth Control - Read about hormonal birth control methods, such as oral contraceptives, the patch, birth control injection, and vaginal ring. The hormones used in hormonal birth control are estrogen and/or progesterone.
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