Anal Cancer (cont.)
Treatment Options by Stage
Stage 0 Anal Cancer (Carcinoma in Situ)
Treatment of stage 0 anal cancer is usually local resection.
Stage I Anal Cancer
Treatment of stage I anal cancer may include the following:
- Local resection.
- External-beam radiation therapy with or without
chemotherapy. If cancer remains after treatment, additional chemotherapy and
radiation therapy may be given to avoid the need for a permanent colostomy.
- Internal radiation therapy.
- Abdominoperineal resection, if cancer remains or comes
back after treatment with radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
- Internal radiation therapy for cancer that remains after treatment with
external-beam radiation therapy.
Patients who have had treatment that saves the sphincter
muscles may receive follow-up exams every 3 months for the first 2 years,
including rectal exams with endoscopy and biopsy, as needed.
Stage II Anal Cancer
Treatment of stage II anal cancer may include the following:
- Local resection.
- External-beam radiation therapy with chemotherapy. If
cancer remains after treatment, additional chemotherapy and radiation therapy
may be given to avoid the need for a permanent colostomy.
- Internal radiation therapy.
- Abdominoperineal resection, if cancer remains or comes
back after treatment with radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
- A clinical trial of new treatment options.
Patients who have had treatment that saves the sphincter muscles may receive
follow-up exams every 3 months for the first 2 years, including rectal exams
with endoscopy and biopsy, as needed.
Stage IIIA Anal Cancer
Treatment of stage IIIA anal cancer may include the following:
- External-beam radiation therapy with chemotherapy. If
cancer remains after treatment, additional chemotherapy and radiation therapy
may be given to avoid the need for a permanent colostomy.
- Internal beam radiation.
- Abdominoperineal resection, if cancer remains or comes
back after treatment with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
- A clinical trial of new treatment options.
Stage IIIB Anal Cancer
Treatment of stage IIIB anal cancer may include the following:
- External-beam radiation therapy with chemotherapy.
- Local resection or abdominoperineal resection, if
cancer remains or comes back after treatment with chemotherapy and radiation
therapy. Lymph nodes may also be removed.
- A clinical trial of new treatment options.
Stage IV Anal Cancer
Treatment of stage IV anal cancer may include the following:
- Surgery as palliative therapy to relieve symptoms and
improve the quality of life.
- Radiation therapy as palliative therapy.
- Chemotherapy with radiation therapy as palliative
therapy.
- A clinical trial of new treatment options.
Next: What are the treatment options for recurrent anal cancer? »
- granisetron transdermal system (patch), Sancuso - Learn about granisetron transdermal system (patch) (Sancuso), prescribed for the prevention of nausea and vomiting as a result of chemotherapy cancer treatment. Side effects, drug interactions, and dosage information is included.
- CT Scan (Computerized Axial Tomography) - CT Scan (Computerized Axial Tomography, CAT scan) is a procedure that assists in diagnosing tumors, fractures, bony structures, and infections in the organs and tissues of the body.
- Rectal Bleeding - Rectal bleeding can be a sign of several different conditions including hemorrhoids, anal fisure, colitis, and more.
Latest Medical News
Cancer RSS