Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (cont.)
In this Article
What tests help in the diagnosis of an abdominal aortic aneurysm?
In about 90% of the cases, X-rays of the abdomen show calcium deposits in the aneurysm wall. But plain x-rays of the abdomen cannot determine the size and the extent of the aneurysm. Ultrasonography usually gives a clear picture of the size of an aneurysm. Ultrasound has about 98% accuracy in measuring the size of the aneurysm, and is safe and noninvasive. But ultrasound cannot accurately define the extent of the aneurysm and is inadequate for surgical repair planning.
Computerized tomography of the abdomen, is highly accurate in determining the size and extent of the aneurysm, and its relation to the renal arteries. However, computerized tomography uses high doses of radiation and for evaluation of blood vessels, requires intravenous dye. This carries some risk including allergic reaction to the dye and irritation of the kidneys. In patients with kidney diseases, the doctor may consider an
MRA (magnetic resonance angiography), which is a study of the aorta and the other arteries using MRI scanning. Both computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are effective for diagnosis. An aortogram, where dye is directly injected into the aorta to assess its anatomy, historically was the diagnostic test of choice. Presently, it's indications may be limited to use when
surgery or stenting is considered (see below).
What is the natural history of abdominal aortic aneurysms?
The natural history of abdominal aortic aneurysms depends on their size
and the speed of expansion. Rupture of aneurysms is uncommon when they are less
than 5.5 cm wide and are expanding slowly. Rupture is far more common in
aneurysms that are over 5.5 cm wide and are expanding rapidly (>0.5 cm/year). Surgical
repair is therefore usually recommended for aneurysms over 5.5 cm wide.
Next: What are the complications with an abdominal aortic
aneurysm? »
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